Calculation of Registration Fee
Title of Each Class of Securities Offered | Maximum Aggregate Offering Price |
Amount of Registration Fee(1) | ||
Pass Through Certificates, Series 2007-1 |
$693,657,000 | $21,295.27 |
(1) | Calculated in accordance with Rule 457(r) of the Securities Act of 1933. |
Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-143865
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated June 19, 2007)
$693,657,000
United Air Lines, Inc.
2007-1 Pass Through Trusts
PASS THROUGH CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2007-1
This prospectus supplement relates to new pass through certificates to be issued by three separate pass through trusts to be formed by United Air Lines, Inc. Each certificate will represent an interest in a pass through trust. The certificates do not represent interests in or obligations of United or any of its affiliates.
The pass through trusts will use the proceeds from the sale of certificates to acquire equipment notes. The equipment notes will be issued by United to finance thirteen (13) Boeing aircraft owned by United. Payments on the equipment notes held in each pass through trust will be passed through to the certificateholders of such trust.
Interest on the equipment notes held in the related pass through trust will be payable on January 2 and July 2 of each year, beginning on January 2, 2008. Principal paid on the equipment notes will be payable on January 2 and July 2 in scheduled years, beginning on January 2, 2008.
Distributions on the certificates will be subject to certain subordination provisions as described herein.
Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. will provide a liquidity facility for each of the Class A and Class B certificates. The liquidity facilities are expected to provide an amount sufficient to pay up to three semiannual interest payments on the certificates of the related pass through trust. The Class C certificates will not have the benefit of a liquidity facility.
The payment obligations of United under the equipment notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed by UAL Corporation.
The Class B and Class C certificates will be subject to transfer restrictions. They may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for so long as they are outstanding.
Investing in the pass through certificates involves risks. See RISK FACTORS beginning on page S-15.
Pass Through Certificates |
Face Amount | Interest Rate |
Final Expected Distribution Date |
Price to Public(1) | |||||
Class A |
$ | 485,086,000 | 6.636% | July 2, 2022 | 100% | ||||
Class B |
106,835,000 | 7.336% | July 2, 2019 | 100 | |||||
Class C |
101,736,000 | Six-Month LIBOR plus 2.25% | July 2, 2014 | 100 |
(1) | Plus accrued interest, if any, from the date of issuance. |
The underwriters will purchase all of the certificates if any are purchased. The aggregate proceeds from the sale of the certificates will be $693,657,000. United Air Lines, Inc. will pay the underwriters a commission of $5,202,427.50. The underwriters expect to deliver the pass through certificates to purchasers on June 26, 2007. The certificates will not be listed on any national securities exchange.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Joint Bookrunners
MORGAN STANLEY | CREDIT SUISSE | |
(Sole Structuring Agent) |
June 19, 2007
Prospectus Supplement
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prospectus
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This document may be used only where it is legal to sell these securities. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date of this prospectus supplement. Also, you should not assume that there has been no change in the affairs of United since the date of this prospectus supplement.
ii
These offering materials consist of two documents: (1) this prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of the certificates that we are currently offering, and (2) the accompanying prospectus, which provides general information about our certificates, some of which may not apply to the certificates that we are currently offering. The information in this prospectus supplement replaces any inconsistent information included in the accompanying prospectus.
We have given certain terms specific meanings for purposes of this prospectus supplement. The Glossary attached as Appendix I to this prospectus supplement defines each of these terms.
At varying places in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, we refer you to other sections of the documents for additional information by indicating the caption heading of the other sections. The page on which each principal caption included in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus can be found is listed in the Table of Contents on the preceding page. All cross references in this prospectus supplement are to captions contained in this prospectus supplement and not in the prospectus, unless otherwise stated.
Certain statements contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are forward-looking and thus reflect United Air Lines, Inc.s, referred to herein as United, and UAL Corporations, referred to herein as UAL, current expectations and beliefs with respect to certain current and future events and financial performance. Such forward-looking statements are and will be subject to many risks and uncertainties relating to Uniteds and UALs operations and business environment that may cause actual results to differ materially from any future results expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. Words such as expects, will, plans, anticipates, indicates, believes, forecast, guidance, outlook and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.
Additionally, forward-looking statements include statements which do not relate solely to historical facts, such as statements which identify uncertainties or trends, discuss the possible future effects of current known trends or uncertainties, or indicate that the future effects of known trends or uncertainties cannot be predicted, guaranteed or assured. All forward-looking statements are based upon information available to us on the date such statements are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise.
Uniteds and UALs actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements due to numerous factors, including, without limitation, the following: their ability to comply with the terms of Uniteds credit facility and other financing arrangements; the costs and availability of financing; their ability to execute their business plan; their ability to realize benefits from the resource optimization efforts and cost reduction initiatives; their ability to utilize net operating losses; their ability to attract, motivate and/or retain key employees; their ability to attract and retain customers; demand for transportation in the markets in which they operate; general economic conditions (including interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, crude oil prices, costs of aviation fuel and refining capacity in relevant markets); their ability to cost-effectively hedge against increases in the price of aviation fuel; the effects of any hostilities, act of war or terrorist attack; the ability of other air carriers with whom they have alliances or partnerships to provide the services contemplated by the respective arrangements with such carriers; the costs and availability of aircraft insurance; the costs associated with security measures and practices; labor costs; competitive pressures on pricing and on demand; capacity decisions of United and/or competitors; U.S. or foreign governmental legislation, regulation and other actions, including open skies agreements; their ability to maintain satisfactory labor relations; any disruptions to operations due to any potential actions by their labor groups; weather conditions; and other risks and uncertainties, including those stated in the Securities and Exchange Commission reports incorporated in the prospectus by reference or as stated in this prospectus supplement or incorporated by reference herein under the caption Risk Factors. Consequently, the forward-looking statements should not be regarded as representations or warranties by United or UAL that such matters will be realized.
iii
The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the more detailed information and consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and accompanying prospectus, as well as the materials filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), that are considered to be part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
United Air Lines
United Air Lines, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, we, our, us, United or the Company) is the principal, wholly-owned subsidiary of UAL Corporation (UAL). Uniteds operations, which consist primarily of the transportation of persons, property, and mail throughout the U.S. and abroad, accounted for most of UALs revenues and expenses in 2006. United provides these services through full-sized jet aircraft (which we refer to as our mainline operations), as well as smaller aircraft in its regional operations conducted under contract by United Express® carriers.
United is one of the largest passenger airlines in the world with more than 3,600 flights a day to more than 200 destinations through its mainline and United Express services. United offers approximately 1,550 average daily mainline (including Ted(SM)) departures to more than 120 destinations in 30 countries and two U.S. territories. United provides regional service, connecting primarily via Uniteds domestic hubs, through marketing relationships with United Express carriers, which provide more than 2,050 average daily departures to approximately 160 destinations. United serves virtually every major market around the world, either directly or through its participation in the Star Alliance®, the worlds largest airline network.
United offers services that we believe will allow us to generate a revenue premium by meeting distinct customer needs. This strategy of market segmentation is intended to optimize margins and costs by offering the right service to the right customer at the right time. These services include:
|
United mainline, including United First®, United Business® and Economy Plus®, the last providing three to five inches of extra legroom on all United mainline flights (including Ted), and on explus(SM) regional jet flights; |
| Ted, a low-fare service, now operates 56 aircraft and serves 20 airports with over 230 daily departures from all Uniteds hubs; |
|
p.s.(SM)a premium transcontinental service connecting New York with Los Angeles and San Francisco; and |
| United Express, with a total fleet of 289 aircraft operated by regional partners, including over 100 70-seat aircraft that offer explus, Uniteds premium regional service. |
United also generates significant revenue through its Mileage Plus® Frequent Flyer Program (Mileage Plus), United Cargo(SM) and United Services.
United was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on December 30, 1968. Corporate headquarters is located at 77 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601 (telephone number (312) 997-8000).
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Summary of Terms of Pass Through Certificates
Class A Certificates |
Class B Certificates |
Class C Certificates | ||||
Aggregate Face Amount |
$485,086,000 | $106,835,000 | $101,736,000 | |||
Interest Rate |
6.636% | 7.336% | Six-Month LIBOR plus 2.25% | |||
Ratings: |
||||||
Moodys |
Baa2 | Ba2 | B1 | |||
Standard & Poors |
BBB | BB- | B | |||
Initial Loan to Aircraft Value Ratio (cumulative)(1) |
52.4% | 64.0% | 75.0% | |||
Highest Loan to Aircraft Value Ratio (cumulative)(2) |
52.4% | 64.0% | 75.0% | |||
Expected Principal Distribution Window (in years) |
0.5-15.0 | 0.5-12.0 | 0.5-7.0 | |||
Initial Average Life (in years from Issuance Date) |
9.7 | 8.6 | 5.5 | |||
Regular Distribution Dates |
January 2 and July 2 | January 2 and July 2 | January 2 and July 2 | |||
Final Expected Regular Distribution Date(3) |
July 2, 2022 | July 2, 2019 | July 2, 2014 | |||
Final Legal Distribution Date(4) |
January 2, 2024 | January 2, 2021 | July 2, 2014 | |||
Minimum Denomination |
$1,000 | $1,000 | $1,000 | |||
Section 1110 Protection |
Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
Liquidity Facility Coverage |
3 semiannual interest payments |
3 semiannual interest payments |
None |
(1) | The initial loan to aircraft value ratios measure the ratio of (a) (x) in the case of the Class A certificates, the aggregate principal amount of the Series A Equipment Notes relating to all aircraft, (y) in the case of the Class B certificates, the aggregate principal amount of the Series A Equipment Notes and the Series B Equipment Notes relating to all aircraft and (z) in the case of the Class C certificates, the aggregate principal amount of all Series A Equipment Notes, Series B Equipment Notes and Series C Equipment Notes relating to all aircraft to (b) the aggregate appraised base value of all aircraft (determined based on three appraisals setting forth values as of May 15, 2007, May 23, 2007 and May 15, 2007). These ratios are calculated assuming that the aggregate appraised base value of all aircraft is $924,876,667 on the Issuance Date. The aggregate appraised base value is only an estimate and reflects certain assumptions. See DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRCRAFT AND THE APPRAISALS. |
(2) | The highest loan to aircraft value ratios are based on the aggregate appraised base value of all aircraft as of a certain future date. See SUMMARYLoan to Aircraft Value Ratios. The aggregate appraised base value is only an estimate and reflects certain assumptions. See DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRCRAFT AND THE APPRAISALS. |
(3) | Equipment Notes will mature on or before the Final Expected Regular Distribution Date for the certificates issued by the pass through trusts that own such Equipment Notes. |
(4) | The Final Legal Distribution Date for each of the Class A certificates and Class B certificates is the Final Expected Regular Distribution Date for that class of certificates plus eighteen months, which represents the period corresponding to the applicable Liquidity Facility coverage of three semiannual interest payments. |
S-2
Equipment Notes and the Aircraft
Set forth below is certain information about the Equipment Notes to be held in the pass through trusts and the aircraft that will secure such Equipment Notes:
Aircraft Type | Aircraft Number |
Manufacturers Serial Number |
Original Delivery Date |
Appraised Value(1) |
Initial Principal Amount of Equipment Notes | |||||||
Boeing 767-322ER | N672UA | 30027 | 12/22/1999 | $ | 43,240,000 | $ | 32,430,000 | |||||
Boeing 767-322ER | N677UA | 30029 | 11/14/2001 | 49,560,000 | 37,170,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222 | N211UA | 30217 | 5/18/2000 | 64,580,000 | 48,435,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222 | N212UA | 30218 | 7/28/2000 | 65,430,000 | 49,072,500 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222 | N213UA | 30219 | 8/15/2000 | 65,860,000 | 49,395,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222 | N214UA | 30220 | 8/25/2000 | 65,860,000 | 49,395,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222ER | N216UA | 30549 | 7/21/2000 | 84,140,000 | 63,105,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222ER | N217UA | 30550 | 8/14/2000 | 84,390,000 | 63,292,500 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222ER | N228UA | 30556 | 2/14/2002 | 92,513,333 | 69,385,000 | |||||||
Boeing 777-222ER | N229UA | 30557 | 3/7/2002 | 92,783,333 | 69,587,500 | |||||||
Boeing 747-422 | N104UA | 26902 | 1/22/1998 | 70,000,000 | 52,500,000 | |||||||
Boeing 747-422 | N107UA | 26900 | 8/20/1998 | 72,470,000 | 54,352,500 | |||||||
Boeing 747-422 | N116UA | 26908 | 12/29/1998 | 74,050,000 | 55,537,004 | |||||||
$ | 924,876,667 | $ | 693,657,000 | |||||||||
(1) | The appraised value of each aircraft provided above is based on the lesser of the average and the median appraised base values (as defined in the appraisal letters) of such aircraft as appraised by three independent appraisal and consulting firms, Aircraft Information Services, Inc., BACK Aviation Solutions and Morten Beyer & Agnew, Inc. as of May 15, 2007, May 23, 2007 and May 15, 2007, respectively. The appraisers based the appraisals on varying assumptions and methodologies. An appraisal is only an estimate of value and you should not rely on any appraisal as an estimate of realizable value. |
S-3
Loan to Aircraft Value Ratios
The following table provides loan to aircraft value ratiosalso referred to as LTV ratiosfor each class of certificates as of the issuance date and as of each Regular Distribution Date thereafter. The table is not a forecast or prediction of expected or likely LTV ratios but a mathematical calculation based on one set of assumptions.
We compiled the following table on an aggregate basis. However, the Equipment Notes issued under an Indenture are entitled to certain specified cross-collateralization provisions as described under DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT NOTESSecurity. The relevant LTV ratios in a default situation for the Equipment Notes issued under a particular Indenture would depend on various factors, including the extent to which the debtor or trustee in bankruptcy agrees to perform Uniteds obligations under the Indentures. Therefore, the following LTV ratios are presented for illustrative purposes only.
Outstanding Pool Balance | LTV Ratios(2) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Date |
Assumed Aggregate Aircraft Value(1) |
Class A Certificates |
Class B Certificates |
Class C Certificates |
Class A Certificates |
Class B Certificates |
Class C Certificates |
||||||||||||||
At Issuance |
$ | 924,876,667 | $ | 485,086,000 | $ | 106,835,000 | $ | 101,736,000 | 52.4 | % | 64.0 | % | 75.0 | % | |||||||
January 2, 2008 |
907,213,984 | 471,899,525 | 98,476,396 | 95,870,481 | 52.0 | 62.9 | 73.4 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2008 |
889,551,302 | 461,539,263 | 96,654,112 | 92,831,176 | 51.9 | 62.7 | 73.2 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2009 |
871,888,619 | 451,629,892 | 95,044,206 | 90,242,761 | 51.8 | 62.7 | 73.1 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2009 |
854,225,937 | 441,550,089 | 93,441,599 | 87,483,915 | 51.7 | 62.6 | 72.9 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2010 |
836,563,254 | 431,495,311 | 91,356,657 | 84,750,092 | 51.6 | 62.5 | 72.6 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2010 |
818,900,572 | 421,464,711 | 89,529,180 | 82,040,449 | 51.5 | 62.4 | 72.4 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2011 |
801,237,890 | 411,439,495 | 87,731,644 | 79,336,189 | 51.4 | 62.3 | 72.2 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2011 |
783,575,207 | 388,422,737 | 86,163,184 | 76,438,180 | 49.6 | 60.6 | 70.3 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2012 |
765,912,525 | 377,997,487 | 84,123,801 | 73,280,505 | 49.4 | 60.3 | 69.9 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2012 |
748,249,842 | 367,736,616 | 82,027,810 | 69,873,955 | 49.1 | 60.1 | 69.4 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2013 |
730,587,160 | 357,775,988 | 80,030,632 | 66,701,704 | 49.0 | 59.9 | 69.1 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2013 |
712,435,309 | 347,421,292 | 77,627,975 | 63,603,459 | 48.8 | 59.7 | 68.6 | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2014 |
693,787,428 | 335,789,779 | 76,023,567 | 59,298,424 | 48.4 | 59.4 | 67.9 | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2014 |
674,642,900 | 318,293,361 | 73,199,993 | 0 | 47.2 | 58.0 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2015 |
655,498,373 | 307,655,461 | 69,810,884 | 0 | 46.9 | 57.6 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2015 |
636,075,057 | 299,701,403 | 67,451,780 | 0 | 47.1 | 57.7 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2016 |
613,930,300 | 287,368,894 | 64,073,362 | 0 | 46.8 | 57.2 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2016 |
591,785,542 | 274,611,623 | 61,149,977 | 0 | 46.4 | 56.7 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2017 |
569,640,785 | 261,608,168 | 58,120,543 | 0 | 45.9 | 56.1 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2017 |
546,090,542 | 248,338,576 | 55,015,471 | 0 | 45.5 | 55.6 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2018 |
522,540,298 | 234,957,661 | 51,893,555 | 0 | 45.0 | 54.9 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2018 |
498,500,887 | 229,379,207 | 48,718,424 | 0 | 46.0 | 55.8 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2019 |
473,965,445 | 214,108,660 | 45,144,515 | 0 | 45.2 | 54.7 | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2019 |
448,933,356 | 204,181,139 | 0 | 0 | 45.5 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2020 |
423,901,268 | 188,679,613 | 0 | 0 | 44.5 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2020 |
398,590,392 | 172,416,993 | 0 | 0 | 43.3 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2021 |
370,558,074 | 156,214,618 | 0 | 0 | 42.2 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2021 |
342,525,755 | 134,987,060 | 0 | 0 | 39.4 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
January 2, 2022 |
314,493,437 | 115,171,875 | 0 | 0 | 36.6 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||
July 2, 2022 |
285,055,633 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
(1) | In calculating the assumed aggregate aircraft values above, we assumed that the initial appraised base value of each aircraft declines by approximately 3% of the initial appraised base value each year for the first 15 years after the year of delivery of the aircraft by the manufacturer, by approximately 4% each year thereafter for the next five years and by approximately 5% each year after that. Other rates or methods of depreciation may result in materially different LTV ratios. We cannot assure you that the depreciation rate and method assumed for purposes of the table are the ones most likely to occur nor can we predict the actual future value of any aircraft. |
(2) | The LTV ratios for each class of certificates were obtained for each Regular Distribution Date by dividing (i) the expected outstanding pool balance of such class together with the expected outstanding pool balance of all other classes senior in right of payment to such class after giving effect to the distributions expected to be made on such date by (ii) the assumed aggregate value of all the aircraft on such date based on the assumptions described above. |
S-4
Cash Flow/Structure Chart
The following diagram illustrates the structure of the offering of the certificates and cash flows.
(1) | Each aircraft will be subject to a separate indenture with a separate loan trustee. |
(2) | The initial amount of the Liquidity Facility for each of the Class A and Class B certificates will cover up to three consecutive semiannual interest payments with respect to the certificates of the related pass through trust. There will be no Liquidity Facility for the Class C certificates. |
S-5
The Offering
Pass Through Trusts |
United and Wilmington Trust Company, as Pass Through Trustee, will form three pass through trusts under three separate pass through trust supplements to a basic Pass Through Trust Agreement between United and the Pass Through Trustee. |
Certificates Offered
| Class A certificates |
| Class B certificates |
| Class C certificates |
Each class of pass through certificates will represent 100% of the fractional undivided interest in the corresponding pass through trust. |
Use of Proceeds |
The proceeds from the sale of the pass through certificates of each pass through trust will be used by the respective Pass Through Trustee to purchase Equipment Notes issued by United. The Equipment Notes will be full recourse obligations of United. |
United will issue the Equipment Notes under a separate Indenture for each aircraft. United will use the proceeds from the issuance of the Equipment Notes to refinance the existing debt on certain aircraft and for general corporate purposes. |
Subordination Agent, Pass Through Trustee and Loan Trustee |
Wilmington Trust Company. |
Liquidity Provider |
Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. |
Liquidity Guarantor |
Morgan Stanley |
Trust Property |
The property of each pass through trust will include: |
| For the Class A pass through trust, the Series A Equipment Notes. |
| For the Class B pass through trust, the Series B Equipment Notes. |
| For the Class C pass through trust, the Series C Equipment Notes. |
| All rights of such pass through trust under the Intercreditor Agreement described below (including all monies receivable pursuant to such rights). |
| All rights of such pass through trust to acquire the related series of Equipment Notes under the Note Purchase Agreement. |
| For each of the Class A and Class B pass through trusts, all monies receivable under the Liquidity Facility for that pass through trust. |
| Funds from time to time deposited with the Pass Through Trustee in accounts for such pass through trust. |
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UAL Guarantee |
UAL will unconditionally guarantee the payment obligations of United under each Equipment Note issued by United pursuant to a guarantee agreement (the UAL Guarantee). |
Regular Distribution Dates |
January 2 and July 2, commencing on January 2, 2008. |
Record Dates |
The fifteenth day preceding each distribution date. |
Distributions |
The Pass Through Trustee will distribute all payments of principal, Make-Whole Amount, if any, Break Amount, if any, Prepayment Premium, if any, and interest received on the Equipment Notes held in each pass through trust to the holders of the certificates of that pass through trust. Distributions will be subject to the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates. |
Subject to the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates, the Pass Through Trustee will distribute scheduled payments of principal and interest made on the Equipment Notes held by each pass through trust on the applicable Regular Distribution Dates. Subject to the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates, the Pass Through Trustee will distribute payments of principal, Make-Whole Amount, if any, Break Amount, if any, Prepayment Premium, if any, and interest made on any Equipment Notes resulting from any early redemption of any Equipment Notes on a Special Distribution Date after not less than 15 days notice to the holders of the certificates. |
Intercreditor Agreement |
The Pass Through Trustees, the Liquidity Provider and the Subordination Agent will enter into an intercreditor agreement. |
Subordination |
Under the Intercreditor Agreement, after paying certain amounts ranking senior to the distributions on the certificates, the Subordination Agent will generally make distributions on the certificates in the following order: |
| first, to make distributions in respect of interest on the Class A certificates to the holders of the Class A certificates; |
| second, to make distributions in respect of interest on the Preferred B Pool Balance of the Class B certificates to the holders of the Class B certificates; |
| third, to make distributions in respect of interest, at the Class C Adjusted Interest Rate, on the Preferred C Pool Balance of the Class C certificates to the holders of the Class C certificates; |
| fourth, to make distributions in respect of the Pool Balance of the Class A certificates to the holders of the Class A certificates; |
| fifth, to make distributions in respect of interest on the Pool Balance of the Class B certificates not previously distributed under clause second above to the holders of the Class B certificates; |
| sixth, to make distributions in respect of the Pool Balance of the Class B certificates to the holders of the Class B certificates; |
S-7
| seventh, to make distributions in respect of interest on the Pool Balance of the Class C certificates not previously distributed under clause third above to the holders of the Class C certificates; and |
| eighth, to make distributions in respect of the Pool Balance of the Class C certificates to the holders of the Class C certificates. |
Control of Loan Trustee |
The holders of at least a majority of the outstanding principal amount of Equipment Notes issued under each Indenture will be entitled to direct the Loan Trustee under such Indenture in taking action as long as no Indenture Event of Default is continuing thereunder. If an Indenture Event of Default is continuing, subject to certain conditions, the Controlling Party will direct the Loan Trustee under such Indenture (including in exercising remedies, such as accelerating such Equipment Notes or foreclosing the lien on the aircraft securing such Equipment Notes). |
The Controlling Party will be: |
| The Class A Trustee. |
| Upon payment of final distributions to the holders of Class A certificates, the Class B Trustee. |
| Upon payment of final distributions to the holders of Class B certificates, the Class C Trustee. |
| Under certain circumstances, and notwithstanding the foregoing, the Liquidity Provider with the largest amount owed to it. |
Subject to certain conditions, notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) if one or more holders of the Class B certificates have purchased the Series A Equipment Notes or (b) if one or more holders of the Class C certificates have purchased the Series A Equipment Notes and Series B Equipment Notes, in each case, issued under an Indenture, pursuant to buyout right described in Right to Buy Equipment Notes below, the holders of the majority in aggregate unpaid principal amount of Equipment Notes issued under such Indenture (the Instructing Holders) rather than the Controlling Party, shall be entitled to direct the Loan Trustee in exercising remedies under such Indenture; provided, that so long as the Subordination Agent holds not less than the majority in aggregate unpaid principal amount of such Equipment Notes, the Controlling Party shall be entitled to direct the Loan Trustee under such Indenture. |
Limitation on Sale of Aircraft or Equipment Notes |
In exercising remedies, during the period ending on the date occurring nine months after the earlier of: (1) the acceleration of the Equipment Notes issued under any Indenture and (2) the occurrence of a United Bankruptcy Event the Controlling Party or the Instructing Holders, as applicable, may not, without the consent of each Trustee, direct the Subordination Agent or Loan Trustee, as applicable, to sell such |
S-8
Equipment Notes or the aircraft subject to the lien of that Indenture if the net proceeds from such sale would be less than the lesser of (x) in the case of such aircraft, 75%, or in the case of such Equipment Notes, 85%, of the Appraised Current Market Value of such aircraft and (y) the sum of (i) the aggregate outstanding principal amount of such Equipment Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, together with all other sums owing on or in respect of such Equipment Notes under such Indenture and (ii) certain expenses and other amounts payable with respect to the Liquidity Facilities under such Indenture. |
Lease of Aircraft as Exercise of Remedies |
In exercising remedies under an Indenture, the Controlling Party or the Instructing Holders, as applicable, may direct the Subordination Agent (to direct the Loan Trustee) or Loan Trustee, as applicable, to lease the aircraft subject to the lien of that Indenture to any person (including United) so long as in doing so the Loan Trustee acts in a commercially reasonable manner within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code. |
Rights to Buy Other Classes of Certificates |
If United is in bankruptcy and certain specified circumstances then exist, the certificateholders may have the right to buy certain other Classes of certificates on the following basis: |
| The Class B certificateholders will have the right to purchase all but not less than all of the Class A certificates. |
| The Class C certificateholders will have the right to purchase all but not less than all of the Class A and Class B certificates. |
The purchase price in each case described above will be the outstanding balance of the applicable Class of certificates plus accrued and unpaid interest and certain other amounts. |
Rights to Buy Equipment Notes |
Subject to certain conditions, if (x) United is in bankruptcy and certain specified events have occurred or (y) if any Indenture Event of Default under any Indenture has continued for five years without a disposition of the related Equipment Notes or Aircraft, then during a period of six months after such event shall have occurred, Certificateholders will have the right to buy certain Series of Equipment Notes on the following basis: |
| The Class B Certificateholders will have the right to purchase all (but not less than all) of the Series A Equipment Notes under any one or more Indentures. |
| The Class C Certificateholders will have the right to purchase all (but not less than all) of the Series A and B Equipment Notes under any one or more Indentures. |
The purchase price for any Equipment Note in each case described above will be the outstanding principal amount of such Equipment Note plus accrued and unpaid interest and certain other amounts. |
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Liquidity Facilities for Class A and B Certificates |
Under the Liquidity Facility for each of the Class A Trust and Class B Trust, the Liquidity Provider will, if necessary, make advances in an aggregate amount that is expected to be sufficient to pay an amount equal to the interest on the certificates of the related Trust on up to three successive semiannual Regular Distribution Dates at the interest rate for the Equipment Notes held in such Trust. |
There will be no Liquidity Facility for the Class C Trust. |
Notwithstanding the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates, the holders of the Class A and Class B certificates will be entitled to receive and retain the proceeds of drawings under the Liquidity Facilities for the related Trust. |
Upon each drawing under any Liquidity Facility to pay interest, the Subordination Agent must reimburse the applicable Liquidity Provider for the amount of that drawing, together with interest on the drawing. This reimbursement obligation and all interest, fees and other amounts owing to the Liquidity Provider under each Liquidity Facility will rank senior to all of the certificates in right of payment. |
Obligation to Purchase Equipment Notes |
The Pass Through Trustees will be obligated to purchase on the Issuance Date the corresponding series of Equipment Notes issued with respect to the aircraft pursuant to a note purchase agreement (the Note Purchase Agreement). |
Issuances of Additional Classes of Certificates |
Additional pass through certificates of one or more separate pass through trusts, which will evidence fractional undivided ownership interests in equipment notes secured by the aircraft, may be issued. Any such transaction may relate to a refinancing or reissuance of Series B Equipment Notes or Series C Equipment Notes issued with respect to all (but not less than all) of the aircraft or the issuance of one or more new series of subordinated equipment notes with respect to some or all of the aircraft. Consummation of any such transaction will be subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, including receipt of confirmation from the Rating Agencies that it will not result in a withdrawal, suspension or downgrading of any Class of certificates not subject to such refinancing or reissuance. See Possible Issuance of Additional Certificate and Refinancing of Certificates. |
If any Additional Certificates are issued, under certain circumstances, the holders of the Additional Certificates will have certain rights to purchase the Class A, Class B and Class C certificates and/or the Equipment Notes issued under any Indenture. See DESCRIPTION OF CERTIFICATESPurchase Rights of Certificateholders and DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTEquipment Note Buyout Right of Subordinated Certificateholders. |
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Equipment Notes
(a) Issuer |
United will issue Series A, Series B and Series C Equipment Notes, which will be acquired by the Class A, Class B and Class C Trusts, respectively. |
(b) Interest |
The Equipment Notes held in each Trust will accrue interest at the respective Stated Interest Rate. Interest on the Equipment Notes will be payable on January 2 and July 2 of each year, commencing on January 2, 2008. Interest on the Series A and Series B Equipment Notes will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Interest on the Series C Equipment Notes will be calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and actual number of days elapsed. |
(c) Principal |
Principal payments on the Equipment Notes are scheduled to be received in specified amounts on January 2 and July 2 in specified years, commencing on January 2, 2008. |
(d) Redemption |
Aircraft Event of Loss. If an Event of Loss occurs with respect to an aircraft, we will redeem all of the Equipment Notes issued for such aircraft under the related Indenture, unless we replace such aircraft. The redemption price will be the unpaid principal amount of the related Equipment Notes, together with accrued interest, plus Break Amount, if any, but without any Prepayment Premium or Make-Whole Amount. |
Optional Redemption. At any time prior to maturity but subsequent to the No Call Date, United may redeem (i) all of the Equipment Notes related to an aircraft, (ii) the Series B or Series C Equipment Notes with respect to all (but not less than all) aircraft in connection with a refinancing of such Series and reissuance of new Equipment Notes for such Series or (iii) the Series C Equipment Notes with respect to all (but not less than all) aircraft without issuing any new equipment notes; provided, that the Series C Equipment Notes may be so redeemed only if the Rating Agencies have provided a confirmation that such redemption will not result in a withdrawal, suspension or downgrading of the ratings on any class of certificates then rated by the Rating Agencies that will remain outstanding. The redemption price will be the unpaid principal amount of those Equipment Notes, together with accrued interest, plus Make-Whole Amount, if any, Break Amount, if any, and Prepayment Premium, if any. |
The No Call Date will be July 2, 2009. |
In the case of an optional redemption of the Series A or Series B Equipment Notes, United will pay a make-whole premium (the Make-Whole Amount) for any such Equipment Notes equal to an amount (as determined by an independent investment bank of national |
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standing selected by United) equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the present value of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest from the determination date to maturity of such Equipment Note computed by discounting such payments on a semiannual basis on each Payment Date (assuming a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months) using a discount rate equal to the Treasury Yield plus the Make-Whole Spread, over (b) the outstanding principal amount of such Equipment Note plus accrued interest to the date of determination. |
The Make-Whole Spread applicable to the Series A and Series B Equipment Notes is set forth below: |
Make-Whole Spread | ||
Series A Equipment Notes |
0.30% | |
Series B Equipment Notes |
0.40% |
In the case of an optional redemption of the Series C Equipment Notes, United will pay a prepayment premium (the Prepayment Premium) equal to the following percentage of the principal amount of the Series C Equipment Notes so redeemed: |
If redeemed during the year prior to the anniversary of the Issuance Date indicated below |
Prepayment Premium for Equipment Notes | |
3rd |
4.0% | |
4th |
2.0% | |
5th |
None | |
6th |
None | |
7th |
None |
(e) Security and Cross-Collateralization |
United will secure the Equipment Notes issued for each aircraft by a security interest in the aircraft. |
In addition, the obligations under each Indenture will be cross-collateralized as each Indenture will secure all amounts owing under all the Indentures. This means that any excess proceeds from the exercise of remedies with respect to an aircraft will be available to cover any shortfalls then due under Equipment Notes then held by the Subordination Agent issued with respect to the other aircraft. In the absence of any such shortfall, excess proceeds, if any, will be held by the relevant Loan Trustee as additional collateral for such other Equipment Notes. Any cash collateral held as a result of the cross-collateralization of the Equipment Notes would not be entitled to the benefits of Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code. |
(f) Cross-Default |
The only cross-default in the Indentures is if (x) all amounts owing under any Equipment Note issued under another Indenture have not been paid in full on or before July 2, 2022 (the Final Payment Date) and (y) to the extent not prohibited by law, United shall have received |
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not less than twenty (20) Business Days notice of such amounts. Therefore, prior to the triggering of the cross-default, if the Equipment Notes issued under one or more Indentures are in default and the Equipment Notes issued under the remaining Indentures are not in default, no remedies will be exercisable under such remaining Indentures. |
So long as no default in the payment of principal or interest or certain other amounts or other event of default has occurred and is continuing under any other Indenture, if (x) United exercises its right to redeem all the Equipment Notes under an Indenture or (y) in any other circumstance, all the Equipment Notes under an Indenture are paid in full, the aircraft subject to the lien of such Indenture would be released. Once the lien on an aircraft is released, that aircraft will no longer secure the amounts owing under the other Indentures. |
(g) Subordination |
Payments on the Series B Equipment Notes will be subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all amounts in respect of the Series A Equipment Notes. Payments on the Series C Equipment Notes will be subordinate and subject in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all amounts in respect of the Series A Equipment Notes and the Series B Equipment Notes. |
By virtue of the Intercreditor Agreement, all of the Equipment Notes held by the Subordination Agent will be effectively cross-subordinated. This means that payments received on a junior series of Equipment Notes held by the Subordination Agent may be applied in accordance with the priority of payment provisions set forth in the Intercreditor Agreement to make distributions on a more senior class of certificates. If a Class B or Class C certificateholder has exercised its buyout right for any Equipment Notes, such Equipment Notes will held by such certificateholder, not the Subordination Agent, and will not be subject to the cross-subordination provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement. |
(h) Section 1110 Protection |
Vedder, Price, Kaufman & Kammholz, P.C., special counsel to United, will provide an opinion to the Pass Through Trustees that the benefits of Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code will be available for each aircraft with respect to all Equipment Notes secured thereby. |
(i) Post-Default Reports |
Promptly after the occurrence of a Triggering Event or an Indenture Event of Default resulting from a payment default on any Equipment Note (and on each Regular Distribution Date while such event is continuing), the Subordination Agent will prepare and distribute to the Pass Through Trustees, Liquidity Providers, Rating Agencies and United a report containing certain information as to each aircraft and its status, the outstanding certificates and Equipment Notes and the Liquidity Facilities and other information as described under DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTReports. |
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Federal Income Tax Consequences |
The pass through trusts themselves will not be subject to federal income tax. Each certificateholder should report on its federal income tax return its pro rata share of the income from the Equipment Notes (including amounts paid by the Liquidity Provider), if any, and the other property held by the relevant pass through trust, in accordance with the certificateholders method of accounting. |
ERISA Considerations |
In general, employee benefit plans subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, or entities that may be deemed to hold the assets of those plans, will be eligible to purchase the certificates, subject to the conditions and circumstances that apply to those plans. |
Each person who acquires or accepts a certificate or an interest therein will be deemed by the acquisition or acceptance to have represented and warranted that either: |
(a) no assets of a plan or an individual retirement account have been used to acquire the certificate or an interest therein; or
(b) the purchase and holding of the certificate or an interest therein by that person are exempt from the prohibited transaction restrictions of ERISA and the Code. See ERISA CONSIDERATIONS.
Transfer Restrictions for Class B and Class C Certificates |
The Class B and Class C Certificates may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for so long as they are outstanding. |
Ratings of the Certificates |
It is a condition to the issuance of the pass through certificates that Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys) and Standard & Poors Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. (Standard & Poors and together with Moodys, the Rating Agencies) rate the pass through certificates not less than the ratings set forth below: |
Certificates |
Moodys | Standard & Poors | ||
Class A |
Baa2 | BBB | ||
Class B |
Ba2 | BB- | ||
Class C |
B1 | B |
A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell certificates. A rating does not address market price or suitability for a particular investor. We cannot assure you that the Rating Agencies will not lower or withdraw their ratings. |
Threshold Rating Requirements for the Liquidity Providers |
The Liquidity Providers must have a short-term unsecured debt rating of at least P-1 from Moodys and a short-term issuer credit rating of at least A-1 from Standard & Poors. |
Liquidity Provider Rating |
Morgan Stanley, the parent company of Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., meets the Threshold Rating requirement and will guarantee Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc.s payment obligations under the Liquidity Facilities. |
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In addition to the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, including the matters addressed in Presentation of Information in this prospectus supplement and in Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements in the accompanying prospectus, you should carefully consider the following risk factors set forth below before making an investment decision with respect to the pass through certificates offered hereby.
Risks Related to our Business
Continued periods of historically high fuel costs or significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel could have a material adverse impact on the Companys operating results.
The Companys operating results have been and continue to be significantly impacted by changes in the availability or price of aircraft fuel. Previous record-high fuel prices increased substantially in 2006 as compared to 2005. At times, United has not been able to increase its fares when fuel prices have risen due to the highly competitive nature of the airline industry, and it may not be able to do so in the future. Although the Company is currently able to obtain adequate supplies of aircraft fuel, it is impossible to predict the future availability or price of aircraft fuel. In addition, from time to time the Company enters into hedging arrangements to protect against rising fuel costs. The Companys ability to hedge in the future, however, may be limited due to market conditions and other factors.
Additional terrorist attacks or the fear of such attacks, even if not made directly on the airline industry, could negatively affect the Company and the airline industry.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 involving commercial aircraft severely and adversely affected the Companys financial condition and results of operations, as well as prospects for the airline industry generally. Among the effects experienced from the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks were substantial flight disruption costs caused by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), a division of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), imposed temporary grounding of the U.S. airline industrys fleet, significantly increased security costs and associated passenger inconvenience, increased insurance costs, substantially higher ticket refunds and significantly decreased traffic and revenue per revenue passenger mile (yield).
Additional terrorist attacks, even if not made directly on the airline industry, or the fear of or the precautions taken in anticipation of such attacks (including elevated national threat warnings or selective cancellation or redirection of flights) could materially and adversely affect the Company and the airline industry. The war in Iraq and additional international hostilities could also have a material adverse impact on the Companys financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. The Companys financial resources might not be sufficient to absorb the adverse effects of any further terrorist attacks or an increase in post-war unrest in Iraq or other international hostilities involving the United States.
The airline industry is highly competitive and susceptible to price discounting.
The U.S. airline industry is characterized by substantial price competition, especially in domestic markets. Some of our competitors have substantially greater financial resources or lower-cost structures than United does, or both. In recent years, the market share held by low-cost carriers (LCCs) has increased significantly. Large network carriers, like United, have often had a lack of pricing power within domestic markets.
In addition, U.S. Airways, Northwest, Delta and several small U.S. competitors have recently reorganized or are currently reorganizing under bankruptcy protection. Other carriers could file for bankruptcy or threaten to do so to reduce their costs. Carriers operating under bankruptcy protection can operate in a manner that could be adverse to the Company and could emerge from bankruptcy as more vigorous competitors.
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From time to time the U.S. airline industry has undergone consolidation, as in the recent merger of U.S. Airways and America West, and may experience additional consolidation in the future. United routinely monitors changes in the competitive landscape and engages in analysis and discussions regarding its strategic position, including alliances, asset acquisitions and business combinations. If other airlines participate in merger activity, those airlines may significantly improve their cost structures or revenue generation capabilities, thereby potentially making them stronger competitors of United.
Additional security requirements may increase the Companys costs and decrease its traffic.
Since September 11, 2001, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) have implemented numerous security measures that affect airline operations and costs, and are likely to implement additional measures in the future. In addition, foreign governments have also begun to institute additional security measures at foreign airports United serves. A substantial portion of the costs of these security measures is borne by the airlines and their passengers, increasing the Companys costs and/or reducing its revenue.
Security measures imposed by the U.S. and foreign governments after September 11, 2001 have increased Uniteds costs and may further adversely affect the Company and its financial results. Additional measures taken to enhance either passenger or cargo security procedures and/or to recover associated costs in the future may result in similar adverse effects.
Extensive government regulation could increase the Companys operating costs and restrict its ability to conduct its business.
Airlines are subject to extensive regulatory and legal compliance requirements that result in significant costs. In addition to the enactment of the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (the Aviation Security Act) in November 2001, various laws, regulations, taxes and airport rates and charges have been proposed from time to time that could significantly increase the cost of airline operations or reduce airline revenue. The FAA from time to time also issues directives and other regulations relating to the maintenance and operation of aircraft that require significant expenditures by the Company. The Company expects to continue incurring material expenses to comply with the regulations of the FAA and other agencies.
United operates under a certificate of public convenience and necessity issued by the DOT. If the DOT alters, amends, modifies, suspends or revokes Uniteds certificate, it could have a material adverse effect on its business. The FAA can also limit Uniteds airport access by limiting the number of departure and arrival slots at high-density traffic airports and local airport authorities may have the ability to control access to certain facilities or the cost of access to such facilities, which could have an adverse effect on the Companys business.
Many aspects of Uniteds operations are also subject to increasingly stringent federal, state and local laws protecting the environment. Future regulatory developments in the U.S. and abroad could adversely affect operations and increase operating costs in the airline industry. For example, potential future actions that may be taken by the U.S. government, foreign governments, or the International Civil Aviation Organization to limit the emission of greenhouse gases by the aviation industry are uncertain at this time, but the impact to the Company and its industry would likely be adverse and could be significant.
The ability of U.S. carriers to operate international routes is subject to change because the applicable arrangements between the United States and foreign governments may be amended from time to time, or because appropriate slots or facilities may not be made available. United currently operates on a number of international routes under government arrangements that limit the number of carriers, capacity, or the number of carriers allowed access to particular airports. If an open skies policy were to be adopted for any of these routes, such an event could have a material adverse impact on the Companys financial position and results of operations and could result in the impairment of material amounts of related intangible assets. Recently, the United States and
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the European Union (EU) entered into an open skies agreement that will become effective at the end of March 2008. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOverviewRecent Developments.
Further, the Companys operations in foreign countries are subject to various laws and regulations in those countries. The Company cannot provide any assurance that current laws and regulations, or laws or regulations enacted in the future, will not adversely affect its financial condition or results of operations.
The Companys results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality and other factors associated with the airline industry.
Due to greater demand for air travel during the summer months, revenues in the airline industry in the second and third quarters of the year are generally stronger than revenues in the first and fourth quarters of the year. The Companys results of operations generally reflect this seasonality, but have also been impacted by numerous other factors that are not necessarily seasonal including, among others, the imposition of excise and similar taxes, extreme or severe weather, air traffic control delays and general economic conditions. As a result, the Companys quarterly operating results are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire year and historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.
The Companys financial condition and results of operations may be further affected by the future resolution of bankruptcy-related contingencies.
Despite the Companys exit from bankruptcy on February 1, 2006, several significant matters remain to be resolved in connection with its reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Unfavorable resolution of these matters could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business. For additional detail regarding these matters, see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
The Companys initiatives to improve the delivery of its products and services to its customers, reduce costs, and increase its revenues may not be adequate or successful.
The Company continues to identify and implement continuous improvement programs to improve the delivery of its products and services to its customers, reduce its costs and increase its revenues. Some of these efforts are focused on cost savings in such areas as telecommunications, airport services, catering, maintenance materials, aircraft ground handling and regional affiliates. A number of the Companys ongoing initiatives involve significant changes to the Companys business that it may be unable to implement successfully. The adequacy and ultimate success of the Companys programs and initiatives to improve the delivery of its products and services to its customers, reduce its costs and increase its revenues cannot be assured.
Union disputes, employee strikes and other labor-related disruptions may adversely affect the Companys operations.
Approximately 81% of the employees of United are represented for collective bargaining purposes by U.S. labor unions. These employees are organized into six labor groups represented by six different unions.
Relations between air carriers and labor unions in the United States are governed by the Railway Labor Act (RLA). Under the RLA, a carrier must maintain the existing terms and conditions of employment following the amendable date through a multi-stage and usually lengthy series of bargaining processes overseen by the National Mediation Board. This process continues until either the parties have reached agreement on a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA) or the parties are released to self-help by the National Mediation Board. Although in most circumstances the RLA prohibits strikes, shortly after release by the National Mediation Board carriers and unions are free to engage in self-help measures such as strikes and lock-outs. All of the Companys U.S. labor agreements become amendable in January 2010. There is also a risk that dissatisfied
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employees, either with or without union involvement, could engage in illegal slow-downs, work stoppages, partial work stoppages, sick-outs or other actions short of a full strike that could individually or collectively harm the operation of the airline and impair its financial performance.
Increases in insurance costs or reductions in insurance coverage may adversely impact the Companys operations and financial results.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 led to a significant increase in insurance premiums and a decrease in the insurance coverage available to commercial airlines. Accordingly, the Companys insurance costs increased significantly and its ability to continue to obtain certain types of insurance remains uncertain. The Company has obtained third-party war risk (terrorism) insurance through a special program administered by the FAA, resulting in lower premiums than if it had obtained this insurance in the commercial insurance market. Should the government discontinue this coverage, obtaining comparable coverage from commercial underwriters could result in substantially higher premiums and more restrictive terms, if it is available at all. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate war risk insurance, its business could be materially and adversely affected.
If any of Uniteds aircraft were to be involved in an accident, the Company could be exposed to significant liability. The insurance it carries to cover damages arising from any future accidents may be inadequate. If the Companys insurance is not adequate, it may be forced to bear substantial losses from an accident.
The Company relies heavily on automated systems to operate its business and any significant failure of these systems could harm its business.
The Company depends on automated systems to operate its business, including its computerized airline reservation systems, flight operations systems, telecommunication systems and commercial websites, including united.com. Uniteds website and reservation systems must be able to accommodate a high volume of traffic and deliver important flight information, as well as process critical financial transactions. Substantial or repeated website, reservations systems or telecommunication systems failures could reduce the attractiveness of Uniteds services versus its competitors and materially impair its ability to market its services and operate its flights.
The Companys business relies extensively on third-party providers. Failure of these parties to perform as expected, or unexpected interruptions in the Companys relationships with these providers or their provision of services to the Company, could have an adverse effect on its financial condition and results of operations.
The Company has engaged a growing number of third-party service providers to perform a large number of functions that are integral to its business, such as operation of United Express flights, operation of customer service call centers, provision of information technology infrastructure and services, provision of maintenance and repairs, provision of various utilities and performance of aircraft fueling operations, among other vital functions and services. The Company does not directly control these third-party providers, although it does enter into agreements with many of them that define expected service performance. Any of these third-party providers, however, may materially fail to meet their service performance commitments to the Company. The failure of these providers to adequately perform their service obligations, or other unexpected interruptions of services, may reduce the Companys revenues and increase its expenses or prevent United from operating its flights and providing other services to its customers. In addition, the Companys business and financial performance could be materially harmed if its customers believe that its services are unreliable or unsatisfactory.
The Companys high level of fixed obligations could limit its ability to fund general corporate requirements and obtain additional financing, could limit its flexibility in responding to competitive developments and could increase its vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions.
The Company has a significant amount of financial leverage from fixed obligations, including a secured credit facility, aircraft lease and debt financings, leases of airport property and other facilities, and other material
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cash obligations. In addition, as of March 31, 2007, the Company had pledged substantially all of its available assets as collateral to secure its various fixed obligations, except for certain aircraft and related parts with an estimated current market value of approximately $2.5 billion.
The Companys high level of fixed obligations or a downgrade in the Companys credit ratings could impair its ability to obtain additional financing, if needed, and reduce its flexibility to conduct its business. Certain of the Companys existing indebtedness also requires it to meet covenants and financial tests to maintain ongoing access to those borrowings. See Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, and Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further details. A failure to timely pay its debts or other material uncured breach of its contractual obligations could result in a variety of adverse consequences, including the acceleration of the Companys indebtedness, the withholding of credit card sale proceeds by its credit card service providers and the exercise of other remedies by its creditors and equipment lessors that could result in material adverse effects on the Companys operations and financial condition. In such a situation, it is unlikely that the Company would be able to fulfill its obligations to repay the accelerated indebtedness, make required lease payments, or otherwise cover its fixed costs.
The Companys net operating loss carry forward may be limited.
The Company has a net operating loss (NOL) carry forward tax benefit of approximately $2.7 billion for federal and state income tax purposes that primarily originated before Uniteds emergence from bankruptcy and will expire over a five to twenty year period. This tax benefit is mostly attributable to federal NOL carry forwards of $7.0 billion as of March 31, 2007. If UAL were to have a change of ownership within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, under current conditions, its annual federal NOL utilization could be limited to an amount equal to its market capitalization at the time of the ownership change multiplied by the federal long-term tax exempt rate. This limitation would impact both UAL and United NOLs.
To avoid a potential adverse effect on UAL and Uniteds ability to utilize their NOL carry forward for federal income tax purposes after February 1, 2006 (the Effective Date), UALs certificate of incorporation contains a 5% Ownership Limitation, applicable to all stockholders except the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC). The 5% Ownership Limitation remains effective until February 1, 2011. While the purpose of these transfer restrictions is to prevent a change of ownership from occurring within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code (which ownership change would materially and adversely affect UAL and Uniteds ability to utilize their NOL carry forward or other tax attributes), no assurance can be given that such an ownership change will not occur, in which case the availability of UAL and Uniteds substantial NOL carry forward and other federal income tax attributes would be significantly limited or possibly eliminated.
The Company has identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting associated with tax accounting as of March 31, 2007 that, if not properly remediated, could result in material misstatements in its financial statements in future periods.
UAL performed an evaluation of its internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2007, and concluded that such internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of such date due to the existence of a deficiency in the operation of its internal accounting controls, which constituted a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting. Only UAL, as a large accelerated filer with respect to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, was and is required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations as to managements assessment of internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal years of 2006 and 2007. United is not an accelerated filer, and therefore, is not required to comply with the aforementioned regulations. However, as part of UALs internal control assessment, Uniteds management determined that this material weakness also exists within its internal control over financial reporting. While the controls were properly designed and did not result in a
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material misstatement, they did not operate effectively to ensure proper accounting and disclosure of income taxes. The Company has suffered from high management attrition during its reorganization. The material weakness was primarily related to high staff turnover in the tax department.
As defined in Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Auditing Standard No. 2, a material weakness is a significant deficiency, or a combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of a Companys annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
Because of this material weakness, there is a risk that a material misstatement of our annual or quarterly financial statements may not be prevented or detected. The Company has taken and will continue to take whatever steps are necessary to remediate the material weakness, including the hiring of staff, use of external advisers, as well as implementing a more rigorous review process of tax accounting and disclosure matters. We cannot guarantee, however, that such remediation efforts will correct the material weakness such that our internal control over financial reporting will be effective. In the event that we do not adequately remedy this material weakness, or if we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in future periods, our access to capital could be adversely affected.
The Company is subject to economic and political instability and other risks of doing business globally.
The Company is a global business with operations outside of the United States from which it derives approximately one-third of its operating revenues. The Companys operations in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Europe are a vital part of its worldwide airline network. Volatile economic, political and market conditions in these international regions may have a negative impact on the Companys operating results and its ability to achieve its business objectives. In addition, significant or volatile changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies, the imposition of exchange controls or other currency restrictions may have a material adverse impact upon the Companys liquidity, revenues, costs, or operating results.
The loss of skilled employees upon whom the Company depends to operate its business or the inability to attract additional qualified personnel could adversely affect its results of operations.
The Company believes that its future success will depend in large part on its ability to attract and retain highly qualified management, technical and other personnel. The Company may not be successful in retaining key personnel or in attracting and retaining other highly qualified personnel. Any inability to retain or attract significant numbers of qualified management and other personnel could adversely affect its business.
The Company could be adversely affected by an outbreak of a disease that affects travel behavior.
An outbreak of a disease that affects travel behavior, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) or avian flu, could have a material adverse impact on the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations.
Certain provisions of UALs governance documents could discourage or delay changes of control or changes to the board of directors of UAL.
Certain provisions of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws of UAL (the Governance Documents) may make it difficult for stockholders to change the composition of the Companys board of directors and may discourage takeover attempts that some of its stockholders may consider beneficial.
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Certain provisions of the Governance Documents may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control if the board of directors of UAL determines that such changes in control are not in the best interests of UAL and its stockholders.
These provisions of the Governance Documents are not intended to prevent a takeover, but are intended to protect and maximize the value of UALs stockholders interests. While these provisions have the effect of encouraging persons seeking to acquire control of UAL to negotiate with the board of directors of UAL, they could enable the board of directors of UAL to prevent a transaction that some, or a majority, of its stockholders might believe to be in their best interests and, in that case, may prevent or discourage attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors.
Risks Related to the Certificates and the Offering
Appraisals should not be relied upon as a measure of realizable value of the aircraft
Three independent appraisal and consulting firms have prepared appraisals of the aircraft. The appraisal letters are annexed to this prospectus supplement as Appendix II. The appraisals are based on the base value of the aircraft and rely on varying assumptions and methodologies that may differ among the appraisers. Base value is the theoretical value of an aircraft that assumes a balanced market. The appraisals may not reflect current market conditions that could affect the current market value of the aircraft. The appraisers prepared the appraisals without a physical inspection of the aircraft and the aircraft may not be in the condition assumed by the appraisers. Appraisals that are based on other assumptions and methodologies may result in valuations that are materially different from those contained in the appraisals. For a more detailed discussion of the appraisals, see DESCRIPTION OF THE AIRCRAFT AND THE APPRAISALSThe Appraisals.
An appraisal is only an estimate of value. It does not necessarily indicate the price at which an aircraft may be purchased or sold in the market. An appraisal should not be relied on as a measure of realizable value. The proceeds realized on a sale of any aircraft may be less than its appraised value. In particular, the appraisals of the aircraft are estimates of the values of the aircraft assuming the aircraft are in a certain condition, which may not be the case. If the Loan Trustee exercised remedies under one or more Indentures, the value of the related aircraft will depend on various factors, including:
| market and economic conditions; |
| the supply of similar aircraft; |
| the availability of buyers; |
| the condition of the aircraft; and |
| whether the aircraft are sold separately or as a block. |
Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the proceeds realized on any exercise of remedies would be sufficient to satisfy in full payments due on the Equipment Notes for any aircraft or the full amount of distributions expected to be paid on the certificates.
Failure to perform maintenance responsibilities may deteriorate the value of the aircraft
To the extent described in the Indentures, we will be responsible for the maintenance, service, repair and overhaul of the aircraft. If we fail to perform adequately these responsibilities, the value of the aircraft may be reduced. In addition, the value of the aircraft may deteriorate even if we fulfill our maintenance responsibilities. As a result, it is possible that upon a liquidation, there will be less proceeds than anticipated to repay the holders of Equipment Notes. See DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT NOTESCertain Provisions of the Indentures.
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Inadequate levels of insurance may result in insufficient proceeds to repay holders of related Equipment Notes
To the extent described in the Indentures, we must maintain public liability, property damage and all-risk aircraft hull insurance on the aircraft. If we fail to maintain adequate levels of insurance, the proceeds which could be obtained upon an Event of Loss (as defined in Appendix IGlossary) of an aircraft may be insufficient to repay the holders of the related Equipment Notes. See DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT NOTESCertain Provisions of the IndenturesInsurance.
It may be difficult and expensive to exercise repossession rights with respect to an aircraft
There will be no general geographic restrictions on our ability to operate the aircraft. Although we do not currently intend to do so, we may register the aircraft in specified foreign jurisdictions and/or lease the aircraft. It may be difficult, time-consuming and expensive for a Loan Trustee to exercise repossession rights if an aircraft is located outside the United States, is registered in a foreign jurisdiction or is leased to a foreign or domestic operator. Additional difficulties may exist if a lessee is the subject of a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar event.
In addition, some jurisdictions may allow for other liens or other third party rights to have priority over a Loan Trustees security interest in an aircraft. As a result, the benefits of the related Loan Trustees security interest in an aircraft may be less than they would be if the aircraft were located or registered in the United States.
Upon repossession of an aircraft, the aircraft may need to be stored and insured. The costs of storage and insurance can be significant and the incurrence of such costs could result in fewer proceeds to repay the holders of the Equipment Notes.
Payments to certificateholders will be subordinated to certain amounts payable to other parties
Under the Intercreditor Agreement, the Liquidity Provider will receive payment of all amounts owed to it, including reimbursement of drawings made to pay interest on the Class A and Class B certificates, before the holders of any class of certificates receive any funds. In addition, the Subordination Agent and the Pass Through Trustees will receive some payments before the holders of any class of certificates receive distributions.
Payments of principal on the certificates are subordinated to payments of interest on the certificates, subject to certain limitations and certain other payments. Consequently, a payment default under any Equipment Note or a Triggering Event may cause the distribution of interest on the certificates or such other amounts from payments received with respect to principal on one or more series of Equipment Notes. If this occurs, the interest accruing on the remaining Equipment Notes may be less than the amount of interest expected to be distributed on the remaining certificates. This is because the interest on the certificates may be based on a Pool Balance that exceeds the outstanding principal balance of the remaining Equipment Notes. As a result of this possible interest shortfall, the holders of the certificates may not receive the full amount expected after a payment default under any Equipment Note even if all Equipment Notes are eventually paid in full. For a more detailed discussion of the subordination provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement, see DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTPriority of Distributions.
The buyout of senior Equipment Notes with respect to an aircraft by the junior certificateholders may reduce the amounts payable to the certificateholders
After the occurrence of certain events, any junior certificateholder has the right to purchase the senior Equipment Notes issued under any Indenture. The purchase price paid by such junior certificateholder will be distributed pursuant to the Intercreditor Agreement and will be subject to the subordination provisions set forth therein. See DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERCREDITOR AGREEMENTPriority of Distributions. After such purchase, the purchased Equipment Notes will no longer be subject to the cross-subordination provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement. Any payments and/or proceeds distributable under such Indenture will be paid first
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to the purchaser (or then current holder) of the purchased senior Equipment Notes in respect of amounts due and owing on such senior Equipment Notes and such amounts will not be paid to the Subordination Agent for distribution to the certificateholders under the Intercreditor Agreement. As such, Certificateholders will not receive any distributions in respect of such Indenture, including interest distributions on the Class B and Class C certificates, until all amounts due on such senior Equipment Notes have been paid in full.
The exercise of remedies will be controlled by the Controlling Party
If an event of default under an Indenture is continuing, subject to specified conditions, the Controlling Party may direct the Loan Trustee under the related Indenture to exercise remedies under the Indenture, including accelerating the applicable Equipment Notes or foreclosing the lien on the aircraft securing such Equipment Notes. See DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATESIndenture Events of Default and Certain Rights Upon An Indenture Event of Default.
The Controlling Party will be:
| The Class A Trustee. |
| Upon payment of Final Distributions to the holders of Class A certificates, the Class B Trustee. |
| Upon payment of Final Distributions to holders of Class B certificates, the Class C Trustee. |
| Under specified circumstances, and notwithstanding the foregoing, the Liquidity Provider with the largest amount owed to it. |
Subject to certain conditions, notwithstanding the foregoing, (a) if one or more holders of the Class B certificates have purchased the Series A Equipment Notes or (b) if one or more holders of the Class C certificates have purchased the Series A Equipment Notes and Series B Equipment Notes or (c) if one or more holders of Additional Certificates have purchased the Series A Equipment Notes, Series B Equipment Notes and Series C Equipment Notes, in each case, issued under an Indenture, the holders of the majority in aggregate unpaid principal amount of Equipment Notes issued under such Indenture, rather than the Controlling Party, shall be entitled to direct the Loan Trustee in exercising remedies under such Indenture; provided, that so long as the Subordination Agent holds not less than the majority in aggregate unpaid principal amount of such Equipment Notes, the Controlling Party shall be entitled to direct the Loan Trustee under such Indenture.
As a result of the foregoing, if the Pass Through Trustee for a Class of certificates is not the Controlling Party with respect to an Indenture (or, in the case of an Indenture under which there has been an Equipment Note buyout as described in the preceding paragraph, where such Pass Through Trustee holds less than a majority of the outstanding principal amount of Equipment Notes issued under such Indenture), the certificateholders of that Class will have no rights to participate in directing the exercise of remedies under such Indenture.
The proceeds from the disposition of any aircraft or Equipment Notes may not be sufficient to pay all amounts distributable to the holders of certificates
The market for any aircraft or Equipment Notes, as the case may be, during any event of default under an Indenture may be very limited, and we cannot assure you as to the price at which they could be sold.
Some certificateholders will receive a smaller amount of principal distributions than anticipated and will not have any claim for the shortfall against us (except in the second bullet point below), any Loan Trustee or any Trustee if the Controlling Party takes the following actions:
| It sells any Equipment Notes for less than their outstanding principal amount; or |
| It sells any aircraft for less than the outstanding principal amount of the related Equipment Notes. |
The Equipment Notes will be cross-collateralized. However, the only cross-default in the Indentures is if (x) all amounts owing under any Equipment Note issued under another Indenture is not paid in full on or before
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the Final Payment Date and (y) to the extent not prohibited by law, we have received not less than twenty (20) Business Days notice of such amounts. Therefore, prior to the triggering of the cross-default, if the Equipment Notes issued under one or more Indentures are in default and the Equipment Notes issued under the remaining Indentures are not in default, no remedies will be exercisable under such remaining Indentures.
The ratings of the certificates may be lowered or withdrawn in the future
It is a condition to the issuance of the certificates that Moodys and Standard & Poors rate the certificates not less than the ratings set forth below:
Certificates |
Moodys | Standard & Poors | ||
Class A |
Baa2 | BBB | ||
Class B |
Ba2 | BB- | ||
Class C |
B1 | B |
A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell certificates and the rating does not address market price of the certificates or suitability of investing in the certificates for a particular investor. A rating may not remain for any given period of time and a Rating Agency may lower or withdraw entirely a rating if in its judgment circumstances in the future so warrant. These circumstances may include a downgrading of the debt of United or any Liquidity Provider by a Rating Agency.
The rating of the certificates is based primarily on the default risk of the Equipment Notes, the availability of the Liquidity Facilities for the benefit of holders of the Class A and Class B certificates, the collateral value provided by the aircraft relating to the Equipment Notes, the cross-collateralization provisions applicable to the Indentures and the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates. These ratings address the likelihood of timely payment of interest (at the Stated Interest Rate and without any premium or break amount) when due on the certificates and the ultimate payment of principal distributable under the certificates by the Final Legal Distribution Date. The ratings do not address the possibility of certain defaults, optional redemptions or other circumstances, which could result in the payment of the outstanding principal amount of the certificates prior to the Final Expected Regular Distribution Date. Any cash collateral held as a result of the cross-collateralization of the Equipment Notes will not be entitled to the benefits of Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code. The ratings apply only to the certificates and not the Equipment Notes, regardless of whether any such Equipment Notes are purchased by a certificateholder pursuant to the purchase rights described under Description of the Intercreditor AgreementIntercreditor RightsEquipment Note Buyout Rights of Subordinated Certificateholders.
The reduction, suspension or withdrawal of the ratings of the certificates will not, by itself, constitute an event of default under the pass through trust agreements.
The certificates will not provide any protection against highly leveraged or extraordinary transactions
The certificates, the Equipment Notes and the underlying agreements will not contain any financial or other covenants or event risk provisions protecting the certificateholders in the event of a highly leveraged or other extraordinary transaction affecting us or our affiliates.
There are no restrictive covenants in the transaction documents relating to our ability to incur future indebtedness
The certificates, Equipment Notes and the underlying agreements will not (i) require us to maintain any financial ratios or specified levels of net worth, revenues, income, cash flow or liquidity and therefore do not protect certificateholders in the event that we experience significant adverse changes in our financial condition or results of operations, (ii) limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness or (iii) restrict our ability to pledge our assets. In light of the absence of such restrictions, we may conduct our business in a manner that may cause the market price of the certificates to decline or otherwise restrict or impair our ability to pay amounts due under the Equipment Notes and/or the related agreements.
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The ability to resell the certificates may be limited and the Class B and Class C certificates are subject to transfer restrictions
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the certificates. Neither we nor any pass through trust intends to apply for listing of the certificates on any securities exchange or otherwise. The underwriters may assist in resales of the certificates, but they are not required to do so, and any market-making activity may be discontinued at any time without notice at the sole discretion of each underwriter. A secondary market for the certificates may not develop. If a secondary market does develop, it might not continue or it might not be sufficiently liquid to allow you to resell any of your certificates. If an active public market does not develop, the market price and liquidity of the certificates may be adversely affected.
In addition, the Class B and Class C certificates will be subject to transfer restrictions. They may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for so long as they are outstanding. This additional restriction may make it more difficult for you to resell any of your Class B or Class C certificates, even if a secondary market does develop.
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The proceeds from the sale of the certificates of each Trust will be used by the applicable Pass Through Trustee to acquire the Equipment Notes to be held by that Trust. We will issue the Equipment Notes under thirteen separate Indentures. We will use the proceeds from the issuance of the Equipment Notes to refinance the existing debt on certain aircraft and for general corporate purposes, possibly including the repayment of indebtedness, financing of capital expenditures or funding of potential acquisitions or other business transactions.
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The following table sets forth certain of Uniteds selected historical financial data and the notes related thereto. The selected financial data, as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 and as of December 31, 2004 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, which are not incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The selected financial data for the year ended December 31, 2004 and as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the combined period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. The selected financial data as of and for the combined period from January 1, 2006 to March 31, 2006 and the three month period ended March 31, 2007 were derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and the related notes thereto, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included in our unaudited financial statements. Interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of, or projections for, the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2007.
In connection with our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, we adopted fresh-start reporting in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Statement of Position 90-7 (SOP 90-7), Financial Reporting by Entities in Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code, and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). As a result of the adoption of fresh-start reporting, the financial data prior to February 1, 2006 is not comparable with the financial data after February 1, 2006. References to Successor Company refer to United on or after February 1, 2006, after giving effect to the adoption of fresh-start reporting. References to Predecessor Company refer to United prior to February 1, 2006.
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You should read the table in conjunction with the sections entitled Use of Proceeds, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements of United and the related notes thereto incorporated by reference herein. See also Incorporation of Certain Documents by Reference in this prospectus supplement and Where You Can Find More Information in the accompanying prospectus.
Predecessor Company | Successor Company | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Period from January 31, |
Period from December 31, |
Period from February 1, to March 31, 2006 |
Three March 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions, except rates) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues |
$ | 15,811 | $ | 14,933 | $ | 16,413 | $ | 17,304 | $ | 1,454 | $ | 17,880 | $ | 3,006 | $ | 4,377 | ||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses |
18,537 | 16,246 | 17,217 | 17,529 | 1,506 | 17,369 | 3,122 | 4,464 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuel expensesmainline |
1,921 | 2,072 | 2,943 | 4,032 | 362 | 4,462 | 705 | 1,041 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reorganization (income) expense |
10 | 1,174 | 611 | 20,432 | (22,709 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)(a) |
(3,103 | ) | (2,777 | ) | (1,679 | ) | (21,036 | ) | 22,626 | 32 | (215 | ) | (148 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data at period-end: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 23,510 | $ | 21,959 | $ | 20,719 | $ | 19,396 | $ | 19,595 | $ | 25,581 | $ | 25,749 | $ | 24,974 | ||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, including current portion |
700 | 852 | 1,204 | 1,433 | 1,432 | 10,596 | 10,704 | 9,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities subject to compromise |
13,967 | 14,090 | 16,161 | 35,060 | 36,379 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mainline Operating Statistics(b): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
RPMs |
109,460 | 104,464 | 115,198 | 114,272 | (b) | 117,470 | 27,462 | 27,729 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASMs |
148,827 | 136,630 | 145,361 | 140,300 | (b) | 143,095 | 34,488 | 34,535 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger load factor |
73.5 | % | 76.5 | % | 79.2 | % | 81.4 | % | (b) | 82.1 | % | 79.6 | % | 80.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Yield(c) |
11.06 | ¢ | 10.79 | ¢ | 10.83 | ¢ | 11.25 | ¢ | (b) | 12.19 | ¢ | 11.82 | ¢ | 11.74 | ¢ | |||||||||||||||||
Passenger revenue per |
8.19 | ¢ | 8.32 | ¢ | 8.63 | ¢ | 9.20 | ¢ | (b) | 10.04 | ¢ | 9.44 | ¢ | 9.45 | ¢ | |||||||||||||||||
Operating revenue per |
9.77 | ¢ | 9.81 | ¢ | 9.95 | ¢ | 10.66 | ¢ | (b) | 11.49 | ¢ | 11.01 | ¢ | 10.71 | ¢ | |||||||||||||||||
Operating expense per |
11.45 | ¢ | 10.52 | ¢ | 10.20 | ¢ | 10.59 | ¢ | (b) | 11.23 | ¢ | 11.42 | ¢ | 10.93 | ¢ | |||||||||||||||||
Fuel gallons consumed |
2,458 | 2,202 | 2,349 | 2,250 | (b) | 2,290 | 363 | 551 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average price per gallon of jet fuel, including tax and hedge impact |
78.2 | ¢ | 94.1 | ¢ | 125.3 | ¢ | 179.2 | ¢ | (b) | 210.7 | ¢ | 194.1 | ¢ | 188.9 | ¢ |
(a) | Net income (loss) was significantly impacted in the Predecessor Company periods due to the reorganization items related to the Companys restructuring in bankruptcy. |
(b) | Mainline operations exclude the operations of independent regional carriers operating as United Express. Statistics included in the Successor Company period were calculated using the combined results of the Successor Company period from February 1 to December 31, 2006 and the Predecessor Company January 2006 period. |
(c) | Yield is mainline passenger revenue excluding industry and employee discounted fares per revenue passenger miles (RPMs). |
(d) | RASM is operating revenues excluding United Express passenger revenue per available seat miles (ASMs). |
(e) | CASM is operating expenses excluding United Express operating expenses per ASM. |
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with Selected Financial Data and Use of Proceeds, and with the financial statements and related notes of United, which are included elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.
Overview
As discussed further under Business, the Company derives virtually all of its revenues from airline related activities. The most significant source of airline revenues is passenger revenues; however, Mileage Plus, United Cargo, and United Services are also significant sources of operating revenues. The airline industry is highly competitive and is characterized by intense price competition. Fare discounting by Uniteds competitors has historically had a negative effect on the Companys financial results because it is generally required to match competitors fares to maintain passenger traffic. Future competitive fare adjustments may negatively impact the Companys future financial results. The Companys most significant operating expense is jet fuel. Jet fuel prices are extremely volatile and are largely uncontrollable by the Company. Uniteds historical and future earnings have been and will continue to be significantly impacted by jet fuel prices. The impact of recent jet fuel price increases is discussed below. The Companys results in 2006 were significantly impacted by the adoption of fresh-start reporting upon its emergence from bankruptcy. See Fresh-Start Reporting below for a discussion of the significant fresh-start items that impacted the Companys earnings in 2006.
Bankruptcy Matters. On December 9, 2002 (the Petition Date), UAL, United and 26 direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the Debtors) filed voluntary petitions to reorganize their businesses under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division (the Bankruptcy Court). On January 20, 2006, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Debtors Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization Pursuant to Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the Plan of Reorganization). The Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy protection on the Effective Date. On the Effective Date, United implemented fresh-start reporting, which resulted in significant changes as compared to Uniteds historical financial statements, as further discussed under Financial Results below. See Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, and Note 2 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Significant Matters Remaining to be Resolved in Chapter 11 Cases) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information regarding bankruptcy matters.
Recent Developments. The Company believes its restructuring has made the Company competitive with its network airline peers. The Companys financial performance has continued to improve despite significant increases in fuel prices, as noted below. Average mainline unit fuel expense increased 68% from 2004 to 2006, which has negatively impacted the Companys operating margin. However, the Company has been able to overcome rising fuel costs through its restructuring accomplishments, improved revenues and other means, which have contributed to the generation of operating income of $459 million in calendar-year 2006, as compared to operating losses of $225 million and $804 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively, and lower operating losses of $87 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to operating losses of $168 million for the combined three month period ended March 31, 2006.
United seeks to continuously improve the delivery of its products and services to its customers, reduce unit costs, and increase unit revenues. Together with these initiatives, some of the Companys more significant recent developments are noted as follows:
| In February 2007, the Company prepaid $972 million of debt outstanding under its credit facility and amended certain terms of the credit facility. The amended credit facility requires significantly less |
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collateral as compared to the prior credit facility and is expected to provide net interest expense savings of approximately $70 million annually. This amount represents the net impact of reduced interest expense and interest income as a result of lower cash and debt balances, as well as a more favorable interest rate on the amended credit facility. See Liquidity and Capital Resources, Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, and Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information related to this new facility. |
| In 2006, the Company announced a program to reduce projected 2007 expenses by $400 million. The Company has identified some specific programs to realize a portion of these savings, and continues to identify and evaluate other savings opportunities. For example, the Company expects to reduce costs by approximately $200 million through savings in such areas as telecommunications, airport services, catering, maintenance materials, aircraft ground handling and regional affiliates. The Company also expects to reduce advertising and marketing costs by as much as $60 million. The implementation of a new flight planning system, and reduced block time opportunities, are expected to generate approximately $40 million in savings. In addition, the Company estimates a $100 million reduction in general and administrative expense, which includes a reduction of salaried and management positions. The Company realized approximately $135 million of these cost reductions in 2006 and is on track to achieve the remaining $265 million in 2007. |
| In the second quarter of 2006, the General Services Administration (GSA) awarded its annual U.S. government employee travel contracts for its upcoming fiscal year beginning October 1, 2006. The GSA selected the Company to provide certain air transportation services for which the estimated annual revenue to the Company will be approximately $540 million, or 27.4% of the total estimated GSA employee travel award. This award level represents a 6.7 point increase over the prior contract year. |
| Effective September 2006, the Company began charging travel agents within North America a $3.50 per passenger segment fee if low cost booking channels are not used. In 2006, the Company also renegotiated its agreements with four major global distribution systems (GDS) providers to allow access to low cost booking options for the Companys appointed travel agencies. Increased use of low cost booking channels is expected to reduce the Companys product distribution expenses. |
| In the third quarter of 2006, the Company announced the addition of 22 new flights from Washington Dulles, which increased departures from Dulles by 14 percent in the fall of 2006 as compared to the fall of 2005. The Company received final DOT approval for its nonstop service between Washington Dulles International Airport (Dulles) and Beijing in February of 2007. This new service commenced on March 28, 2007. In addition, the Companys new nonstop service between Dulles and Rome commenced on April 1, 2007. |
| In April 2007, the Company announced it has signed a long-term contract with the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) for the carriage of domestic mail beginning in April 2007. The Company could generate revenues up to $400 million over the term of the agreement, which terminates in September 2011. United has continued to carry international mail for the USPS after its former domestic mail contract ended in June 2006. |
| On April 30, 2007, the U.S. government and the EU signed a transatlantic aviation agreement to replace the existing bilateral arrangements between the U.S. Government and the 27 EU member states. The agreement will become effective at the end of March 2008. The future benefits of this agreement cannot be predicted due to potential increased competition. As of March 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006, each of the Company and UAL had recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets of $255 million for its rights associated with certain Heathrow slots. The implementation of open skies may result in a future determination that these assets are impaired in whole or in part, or a future determination that |
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they should be reclassified as definite-lived assets with amortization expense recognized thereon. However, we have already taken actions to capitalize on opportunities presented by the new agreement, including the Companys recent application to complete its antitrust immunity with bmi that would allow the two airlines to integrate their operations at Londons Heathrow airport. |
| The Company continues to identify and implement continuous improvement programs, and is actively training key employees in continuous improvement strategies and techniques. These include such initiatives as optimization of aircraft and airport facilities and selected outsourcing of activities to more cost-effective service providers. The Company expects that these programs, as well as the aforementioned expense reduction programs, will produce economic benefits which will be necessary to mitigate inflationary cost pressures in other categories of operating expenses, such as airport usage fees, aircraft maintenance, and employee healthcare benefits, among others. |
Financial Results. Upon Uniteds emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, the Company adopted fresh-start reporting in accordance with SOP 90-7. Thus, the consolidated financial statements before February 1, 2006 reflect results based upon the historical cost basis of the Company while the post-emergence consolidated financial statements reflect the new basis of accounting, which incorporates fair value adjustments recorded from the application of SOP 90-7. Therefore, financial statements for the post-emergence periods are not comparable to the pre-emergence period financial statements. The adoption of fresh-start reporting had a significantly negative impact on the Companys results of operations. The significant differences in accounting results are discussed under Fresh-Start Reporting.
For purposes of providing managements year-over-year discussions of Uniteds financial condition and results of operations, management has compared the combined 2006 annual results consisting of the Successor Companys results for the eleven months ended December 31, 2006 and the Predecessor Companys January 2006 results to the Predecessor Companys annual 2005 and 2004 results.
The table below presents a reconciliation of the Companys net income (loss) to net income (loss), excluding reorganization items for the three years ended December 31, 2006. Presentation of results for the combined twelve month period of 2006, as described in the preceding paragraph, and the presentation of net income excluding reorganization items, are non-GAAP measures. However, the Company believes that these year-over-year comparisons of the results of operations, as shown in the table below, provide management and investors a useful perspective of the Companys core business and on-going operational and financial performance and trends, since reorganization items pertain to accounting for the effects of the bankruptcy restructuring and are not recurring. In addition, the combined twelve month period of 2006 is presented to improve comparability with the full years of 2005 and 2004.
Predecessor | Successor | Combined Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2006(a) |
Predecessor | ||||||||||||||||
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
Period from February 1 to December 31, 2006 |
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2005 |
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2004 |
||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 22,626 | $ | 32 | $ | 22,658 | $ | (21,036 | ) | $ | (1,679 | ) | |||||||
Reorganization items, net |
(22,709 | ) | | (22,709 | ) | 20,432 | 611 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss), excluding reorganization items, net |
$ | (83 | ) | $ | 32 | $ | (51 | ) | $ | (604 | ) | $ | (1,068 | ) | |||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for one month ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and eleven months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
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The Companys improved results of operations in 2006, as compared with 2005 and 2004, were influenced by a number of significant factors, including fresh-start reporting and other factors that are described below.
Additionally, management has compared the Successor Companys results for the three months ending March 31, 2007, to the combined results for the one month period ended January 31, 2006 and two month period ended March 31, 2006. The presentation of results for the combined three month period of 2006 is a non-GAAP measure. However, management believes that use of a combined 2006 period provides a better basis of comparison to the three month period of 2007.
The air travel business is subject to seasonal fluctuations and historically, the Companys results of operations are better in the second and third quarters as compared to the first and fourth quarters of the year. The Companys operations can be impacted by adverse weather in any period and our first and fourth quarter results normally reflect reduced travel demand.
The table below presents certain financial statement items to provide an overview of our financial performance in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006:
Successor | Combined Three Months Ended March 31, 2006(a) |
Successor | Predecessor | |||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 |
Period from February 1 to March 31, 2006 |
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
||||||||||||||
(In millions) | ||||||||||||||||
Loss before reorganization items, income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates |
$ | (229 | ) | $ | (303 | ) | $ | (215 | ) | $ | (88 | ) | ||||
Reorganization items, net |
| 22,709 | | 22,709 | ||||||||||||
Income tax benefit |
(80 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Equity in earnings of affiliates, net of tax |
1 | 5 | | 5 | ||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | (148 | ) | $ | 22,411 | $ | (215 | ) | $ | 22,626 | ||||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for the one month period ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and the two month period ended March 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
The Companys loss before reorganization items, income taxes and equity in earnings of affiliates in the first quarter of 2007 improved by $74 million, or 24%, as compared to the first quarter of 2006. The following items highlight some of the more significant variances in the 2007 period as compared to the 2006 period. For a more detailed discussion of these items and additional factors impacting our financial performance see Results of Operations.
| Passenger revenues were flat, increasing by less than 1% in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the year-ago period. However, our revenue passenger miles (RPMs) increased by 1.4% year over year. The passenger revenues were negatively impacted by deferred revenue associated with the Mileage Plus program, which primarily resulted from a net increase in outstanding miles. |
| We reduced our accrual for bankruptcy litigation associated with potential security interests in our San Francisco International Airport (SFO) and Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) facility leases by a total of $22 million based on an updated analysis of our potential obligations. This benefit to income is classified as a special item in our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, incorporated by reference herein. |
| We recognized an income tax benefit of $80 million in the first quarter of 2007. An income tax benefit was not recorded in the year-ago period. |
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Fresh-Start Reporting.
Under fresh-start reporting at the Effective Date, the Companys asset values were remeasured using fair value and were allocated in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations (SFAS 141). The excess of reorganization value over the net fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities was recorded as goodwill. In addition, fresh-start accounting also requires that all assets and liabilities be stated at fair value or at the present values of the amounts to be paid using appropriate market interest rates, except for deferred taxes, which are accounted for in conformity with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109 Accounting for Income Taxes (SFAS 109). Certain debt and preferred stock issued by UAL were pushed down to United and are recorded as debt and preferred stock in Uniteds audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein, as part of fresh-start reporting. The Companys results in 2006 were significantly impacted by fresh-start reporting and other non-cash expenses; the most significant impacts are discussed below.
| As part of fresh-start reporting the Company changed its accounting for Mileage Plus from the incremental cost model to the deferred revenue model. Under the incremental cost method, the estimated liability was based on incremental costs and adjustments were made to both operating revenues and advertising expense. Under the deferred revenue model a portion of ticket revenue from Mileage Plus members, and other qualifying mileage transactions, is allocated to deferred revenue at fair value to reflect the Companys obligation for future award redemptions. This change in accounting negatively impacted the Companys operating revenues by approximately $158 million in 2006 as compared to 2005. The negative revenue impact was partially offset by a reduction in advertising expense of approximately $27 million which the Company estimates would have been recorded if the incremental cost method had been continued. Mileage Plus accounting is discussed further under Critical Accounting Policies, below. |
| The Company recorded non-cash share-based compensation expense of $159 million in 2006 in association with UALs Management Equity Incentive Plan (MEIP) and Director Equity Incentive Plan (DEIP) as approved under the Plan of Reorganization. This expense was not recognized in 2005 and 2004, because prior to 2006 the Company accounted for its share-based compensation plans under the intrinsic method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. |
| In 2006, the Company recognized non-cash depreciation and amortization charges of $74 million on assets that were recorded at fair value as part of fresh-start reporting, including definite-lived intangible assets that were recognized under fresh-start accounting. United did not recognize similar asset values or related amortization expense in the preceding annual periods. |
| The adjustment of the Companys postretirement plan liabilities to fair value at fresh-start resulted in the elimination of unrecognized prior service credits and actuarial losses for its non-pension postretirement plan. The elimination of these unrecognized items negatively impacted the Companys 2006 expenses by approximately $51 million. |
| Aircraft rent was negatively impacted by approximately $101 million. This included an unfavorable impact of $66 million related to deferred gains on pre-emergence sale-leaseback transactions that were eliminated as part of fresh-start reporting. Before fresh-start reporting, these deferred gains were being amortized into earnings over the lease terms as a reduction of the related aircraft rent expense. Also due to the restructuring of aircraft financings in bankruptcy, the Companys operating leases were at average rates below market value; therefore, a deferred charge was recorded to adjust these leases to fair value. Amortization of this deferred charge resulted in additional rent expense of approximately $35 million in 2006. |
| The Company recognized additional non-cash interest expense of approximately $51 million for the amortization of debt and capital lease obligation discounts that were recorded upon its emergence from bankruptcy to adjust its debt and capital lease obligations to fair value. |
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| At Uniteds emergence from bankruptcy, there were certain unresolved matters which are considered to be preconfirmation contingencies. The Company initially recorded an obligation for its best estimate of the amounts it expected to pay to resolve these matters. Adjustments to these initial estimates are recorded in current results of operations. The most significant of these were classified as special items in our audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein, and include a net benefit of $12 million related to the SFO and LAX municipal bond obligations and a benefit of $24 million related to the termination of certain of the Companys non-qualified pension plans. The Company adjusted its estimated liabilities for these preconfirmation contingencies during the eleven months ended December 31, 2006 to the amounts the Company now believes to be probable based on court rulings and other updated information. In addition to the special items previously noted, other accruals and accrual adjustments provided an additional net benefit of approximately $29 million to 2006 operating expenses. Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Claims Resolution Process) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional information related to these adjustments. |
Other Factors.
| Operating revenues increased $2.0 billion, or 12%, in 2006 as compared to 2005 and by $2.9 billion, or 18%, in 2006 as compared to 2004. Revenues increased in 2006 and 2005 largely due to passenger revenue growth from Uniteds improved worldwide airline network performance and a more healthy revenue environment for United and the airline industry, which was significantly aided by constrained industry capacity growth during these periods. However, Uniteds passenger revenue growth rate has slowed in the latter part of 2006, with the 2006 fourth quarter operating revenues increasing 5% over the same quarter in 2005, as compared to a growth rate of 9% in the fourth quarter of 2005 over the same quarter in 2004. Fourth quarter revenues in 2006 were also negatively impacted by severe winter storms in Denver and Chicago, as discussed below. These revenues were also adversely affected by Mileage Plus accounting in 2006 as discussed above. |
| United Express contributed $77 million to operating income in 2006 as compared to negative contributions to operating results of $317 million in 2005 and $493 million in 2004. This improvement is due to an improved regional operations cost structure resulting from the bankruptcy reorganization, network optimization similar to that achieved for the mainline operation and the replacement of some 50-seat regional jets with 70-seat regional jets providing both first class and Economy Plus service, among other factors. |
| Mainline fuel costs have significantly trended upward since 2004, increasing by $792 million between 2005 and 2006 and by $1.9 billion between 2004 and 2006. These increases are primarily due to significant increases in market prices for jet fuel. The Companys average cost per gallon for jet fuel, including taxes and hedge impacts, increased from approximately $1.25 in 2004 to $1.79 in 2005 and to $2.11 in 2006. Similar increases were experienced in the average cost per gallon of jet fuel for United Express between periods, which is classified as Regional affiliates expense in our audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein. |
| Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs expense increased $128 million, or 15%, in 2006 as compared to 2005 and by $262 million, or 35%, in 2006 as compared to 2004. As further discussed in Results of Operations, these increases are due to several factors, including higher volumes of outsourced maintenance, increased rates under certain long-term maintenance contracts and aging engines within Uniteds fleet. |
| Interest expense increased $279 million in 2006 as compared to 2005 and by $309 million as compared to 2004, primarily due to increased debt outstanding of approximately $1.4 billion as a result of the Companys new capital structure resulting from its emergence from bankruptcy on February 1, 2006 and the fresh-start reporting adjustments discussed above. The increased interest expense was |
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partially offset by increased interest income of $220 million in 2006, as compared to 2005. The Predecessor Company included $6 million and $60 million of interest income in reorganization items, net in accordance with SOP 90-7, for January 2006 and calendar-year 2005, respectively. |
| The January 2006 reorganization income of approximately $22.7 billion primarily relates to the discharge of liabilities and other fresh-start adjustments recorded in connection with the Companys implementation of the Plan of Reorganization preparatory to its emergence from bankruptcy. In 2005, the reorganization charges of approximately $20.4 billion were primarily for pension, employee-related, and aircraft claim charges of $8.9 billion, $6.5 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively. For additional information, see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Financial Statement Presentation) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. |
Liquidity. As of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company had total cash, including restricted cash and short-term investments, of $4.1 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively. The Companys strong cash position resulted from its recapitalization upon emergence from bankruptcy, together with strong operating cash flows of $1.6 billion in 2006, as compared to $1.1 billion in 2005 and $0.1 billion in 2004. Cash from operations was $620 million during the three month period ended March 31, 2007, as compared to operating cash flow of $455 million in the combined three month period of 2006.
As noted above, in February 2007, the Company reduced its cash by approximately $1.0 billion to a level that it believes is more optimal for its capital structure. The cash was used to prepay a portion of the Companys credit facility, which accordingly reduced debt by $972 million. As part of this transaction, the Company entered into the amended credit facility consisting of an amended and restated revolving credit, term loan and guaranty agreement of $2.1 billion.
The Company has significant contractual cash payment obligations associated with debt, aircraft leases and aircraft purchase commitments, among others. See Liquidity and Capital Resources for further information related to the amended credit facility and the Companys contractual obligations.
Capital Commitments. At March 31, 2007, future commitments for the purchase of property and equipment, principally aircraft, approximated $2.5 billion, after deducting advance payments. Our current commitments are primarily for the purchase of A319 and A320 aircraft. The Company has the right to cancel these orders. Such action could cause the forfeiture of $91 million of advance payments if United does not take future delivery of these aircraft. For further details, see Note 11 (Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Uncertainties) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein.
Contingencies. During the course of its Chapter 11 proceedings, the Company successfully reached settlements with most of its creditors and resolved most pending claims against the Debtors. However, the following material matters remain to be resolved in the Bankruptcy Court. The following discussion provides an overview of the status of unresolved bankruptcy matters as well as other contingencies. For further details on these matters, see Note 2 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) and Note 11 (Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Uncertainties) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, and Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) and Note 12 (Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Uncertainties) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Municipal Bond Obligations & Off-Balance Sheet Financing. The Company is a party to numerous long-term agreements to lease certain airport and maintenance facilities that are financed through tax-exempt municipal bonds issued by various local municipalities to build or improve airport and maintenance facilities.
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The Company had been advised that these municipal bonds may have been unsecured (or in certain instances, partially secured) pre-petition debt. In 2006, certain of the Companys municipal bond obligations relating to LAX and SFO were conclusively adjudicated through the Bankruptcy Court as financings and not true leases; however, there remains pending litigation to determine the value of the security interests, if any, that the bondholders at LAX and SFO have in the Companys underlying leaseholds.
The bonds relating to Denver International Airport were conclusively adjudicated as a true lease. The Company has guaranteed $261 million of the City and County of Denver, Colorado 6 7/8% Special Facilities Airport Revenue Bonds (United Air Lines Project) Series 1992A (the Denver Bonds). These bonds are callable by the Company. The outstanding bonds and related guarantee are not recorded in the Companys financial statements incorporated by reference herein. The Company is in discussions with the City and County of Denver, Colorado, to consider the possibility of refinancing the Denver Bonds. Any decision to proceed with the refinancing will be conditioned on receiving the necessary public approvals and on favorable market conditions.
Pension Benefit Terminations. In June 2006, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (the District Court) entered an order approving the termination of the United Airlines Pilot Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Pilot Plan). The Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA), United Retired Pilots Benefit Protection Association (URPBPA) and the PBGC each filed appeals with the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Court of Appeals). On October 25, 2006, the Court of Appeals affirmed the District Courts order approving the termination of the Pilot Plan effective December 30, 2004. Both ALPA and URPBPA filed petitions for writ of certiorari from the Supreme Court. On April 2, 2007, the Supreme Court denied such petitions effectively terminating those proceedings.
There was a dispute with respect to the continuing obligation of United to pay non-qualified pension benefits to retired pilots pending settlement of the involuntary termination proceeding. On October 6, 2005, the Bankruptcy Court ruled that the Company was obligated to make payment of all non-qualified pension benefits for October 2005. During the first quarter of 2006, the District Court dismissed the Companys appeal of the Bankruptcy Courts October 6, 2005 order in light of its earlier decision reversing the Bankruptcy Courts termination order. On October 25, 2006, the Court of Appeals reversed the District Courts order dismissing for lack of ripeness the Companys appeal of the Bankruptcy Courts October 6, 2005 order and remanded the case with instructions to reverse the Bankruptcy Courts order compelling payment of non-qualified benefits for October 2005. On November 6, 2006, ALPA filed a petition for rehearing on the Court of Appeals reversal of the October 6, 2005 order. Both ALPA and URPBPA filed petitions for writ of certiorari from the Supreme Court on this issue. On April 2, 2007, the Supreme Court denied such petitions, effectively terminating those proceedings.
In March 2006, the Bankruptcy Court ruled that the Company was obligated to make payment of all pilot non-qualified pension benefits for the months of November and December 2005 and January 2006. The Bankruptcy Court also ruled that the Companys obligation to pay pilot non-qualified pension benefits ceased as of January 31, 2006. The Company filed a notice of appeal of the Bankruptcy Courts ruling to the District Court. URPBPA and ALPA also filed notices of appeal with respect to the Bankruptcy Courts order, which were subsequently consolidated with the Companys appeal. United agreed with URPBPA and ALPA to pay into an escrow account the disputed non-qualified pension benefits for the months of November and December 2005 and January 2006, an aggregate amount totaling approximately $17 million. The District Court affirmed the Bankruptcy Courts ruling in September 2006. The Company filed a notice of appeal of the District Courts ruling to the Court of Appeals. URPBPA and ALPA also appealed the District Courts decision. The Company subsequently filed a motion to consolidate its appeal from the Bankruptcy Courts October 2005 non-qualified benefits order with the three appeals from the Bankruptcy Courts March 2006 non-qualified benefits order. The Court of Appeals denied the Companys motion, but issued an order staying briefing on the March 2006 non-qualified benefits order until further order of the Court of Appeals. On April 19, 2007, the Court of Appeals reversed the March 2006 order and remanded the case with instructions to the District Court to enter judgment for entry of an order in Uniteds favor. ALPA and URPBPA may still file petitions for rehearing or for a writ of certiorari with the Supreme Court.
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Legal and Environmental. The Company has certain contingencies resulting from litigation and claims (including environmental issues) incident to the ordinary course of business. Management believes, after considering a number of factors, including (but not limited to) the views of legal counsel, the nature of contingencies to which the Company is subject and prior experience, that the ultimate disposition of these contingencies will not materially affect the Companys consolidated financial position or results of operations. When appropriate, the Company accrues for these matters based on its assessments of the likely outcomes of their eventual disposition. The amounts of these liabilities could increase or decrease in the near term, based on revisions to estimates relating to the various claims.
New regulations surrounding the emission of greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) are being considered for promulgation both internationally and within the United States. The Company will be carefully evaluating the potential impact of such proposed regulations.
The Company anticipates that if ultimately found liable, its damages from claims arising from the events of September 11, 2001, could be significant; however, the Company believes that, under the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act of 2001, its liability will be limited to its insurance coverage.
Results of OperationsThree Months Ended March 31, 2007 and Combined Three Month Period Ended March 31, 2006
As described in Overview, presentation of the combined three month period ended March 31, 2006 is a non-GAAP measure; however, management believes it is useful for comparison with the three months ended March 31, 2007.
The Companys loss from operations of $87 million in the three months ended March 31, 2007 improved by $81 million as compared to the operating loss of $168 million in the combined three months ended March 31, 2006. The Companys net loss was $148 million in the three month period ended March 31, 2007 as compared to net income of $22.4 billion in the combined three month period ended March 31, 2006. The difference of approximately $22.6 billion was due to reorganization income of $22.7 billion in the 2006 period partially offset by an income tax benefit of $0.1 billion in the 2007 period. See Note 2 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Reorganization items) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information on reorganization items.
Operating Revenues. The following table illustrates the year-over-year percentage change in revenues on a consolidated basis:
Successor | Combined Three Months Ended March 31, 2006(a) |
Successor | Predecessor | $ Change |
% Change |
||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 |
Period from February 1 to March 31, 2006 |
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
|||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||
PassengerUnited Airlines |
$ | 3,264 | $ | 3,256 | $ | 2,182 | $ | 1,074 | $ | 8 | | ||||||||
PassengerRegional Affiliates |
675 | 669 | 465 | 204 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Cargo |
168 | 180 | 124 | 56 | (12 | ) | (7 | ) | |||||||||||
Other operating revenues |
270 | 355 | 235 | 120 | (85 | ) | (24 | ) | |||||||||||
$ | 4,377 | $ | 4,460 | $ | 3,006 | $ | 1,454 | $ | (83 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for the one month period ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and the two month period ended March 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
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Mainline and United Express passenger revenues, which were relatively flat in first quarter of 2007 as compared to the first quarter of 2006, are discussed below.
Cargo revenues decreased by approximately $12 million, or 7%, in the three month period ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. This decrease was partly due to the termination of our former contract to carry U.S. domestic mail for the USPS as of June 30, 2006. However, since this contract termination we have continued to carry international mail for the USPS, and recently entered into a new contract to carry domestic mail as discussed above. Decreased traffic and yield for the Pacific region also contributed to the decrease in cargo revenues. The traffic and yield decreases were due to increased competition in the region, primarily from capacity added by foreign carriers.
Other operating revenues decreased by $85 million, or 24%, in the three month period ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. Lower jet fuel sales to third parties by our subsidiary, United Aviation Fuel Corporation (UAFC) accounted for $81 million of the other revenue decrease. This decrease was due to several factors, including decreased UAFC sales to our regional affiliates; decreased sales due to our decision not to renew various supply agreements to other carriers; and decreased sales of excess inventory. The decrease in UAFC sales had virtually no impact on our operating margin, because UAFC cost of sales decreased by $82 million in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the year-ago period. Other revenues were also negatively impacted by approximately $18 million in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the first quarter of 2006 due to a reduction in low-margin third-party maintenance work.
The table below presents selected passenger revenues and operating data by geographic region and the Companys mainline and United Express segments expressed as period-to-period changes:
2007 |
North America |
Pacific | Atlantic | Latin America |
Mainline | United Express |
Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) from 2006(a): |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger revenues (in millions) |
$(85 | ) | $32 | $62 | $(1 | ) | $8 | $6 | $14 | ||||||||||||
Passenger revenues |
(4.1 | )% | 4.9 | % | 15.9 | % | (1.0 | )% | 0.2 | % | 0.9 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||
Available seat miles (ASMs) |
| % | 0.8 | % | 5.8 | % | (14.9 | )% | 0.1 | % | 5.2 | % | 0.6 | % | |||||||
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) |
0.7 | % | 1.1 | % | 7.3 | % | (11.4 | )% | 1.0 | % | 5.4 | % | 1.4 | % | |||||||
Load factor (points) |
0.6 | pts. | 0.3 | pts. | 1.2 | pts. | 3.1 | pts. | 0.7 | pts. | 0.2 | pts. | 0.6 | pts. | |||||||
Yield(b) |
(4.7 | )% | 3.9 | % | 8.7 | % | 10.0 | % | (0.7 | )% | (4.3 | )% | (1.0 | )% |
(a) | Variances are from the combined 2006 period that includes the results for the one month period ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and the two month period ended March 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
(b) | Yield is a measure of average price paid per passenger mile, which is calculated by dividing passenger revenues by RPMs. Yields for geographic regions exclude charter revenue and RPMs. |
Mainline passenger and United Express revenues were relatively unchanged, increasing by only $8 million and $6 million, respectively, in the 2007 period as compared to the same period in 2006. In the first quarter of 2007, mainline revenues benefited from a 0.7 point increase in load factor as compared to the first quarter of 2006; this benefit was offset by a 0.7% decrease in yield. In the same periods, United Express revenues benefited from a 0.2 point increase in load factor, which was offset by a 4.3% decrease in yield. Revenues and yields for both segments were negatively impacted by the accounting for deferred revenue under our Mileage Plus program and to a lesser extent, severe storms in first quarter of 2007 that decreased total passenger revenue by an estimated $32 million. Mileage Plus revenue was approximately $94 million lower in the 2007 period due to an increase in outstanding mileage credits due to various promotional programs and one additional month of the application of this new method of accounting in 2007 as this accounting policy was initially applied as of February 1, 2006. Partially offsetting these negative Mileage Plus impacts was a benefit due to a change in the Mileage Plus expiration period policy from 36 months to 18 months as discussed under Critical Accounting
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Policies. Mileage Plus customer accounts are now deactivated after 18 months of inactivity, effective December 31, 2007. The Company estimates the number of accounts that will eventually become deactivated and ratably reduces its deferred revenue balance for estimated deactivated accounts over the expiration period.
Operating Expenses. The table below includes the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in operating expenses. Significant fluctuations are discussed below.
Successor | Combined Three Months Ended March 31, 2006(a) |
Successor | Predecessor | $ |
% |
|||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 |
Period from February 1 to March 31, 2006 |
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and related costs |
$ | 1,068 | $ | 1,083 | $ | 725 | $ | 358 | $ | (15 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||
Aircraft fuel |
1,041 | 1,067 | 705 | 362 | (26 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Regional affiliates |
692 | 696 | 468 | 228 | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Purchased services |
301 | 303 | 206 | 97 | (2 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs |
281 | 259 | 179 | 80 | 22 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Landing fees and other rent |
238 | 220 | 145 | 75 | 18 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
220 | 216 | 148 | 68 | 4 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Distribution expenses |
188 | 201 | 141 | 60 | (13 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||
Aircraft rent |
101 | 105 | 75 | 30 | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||
Cost of third party sales |
92 | 189 | 126 | 63 | (97 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||||||||||
Special operating items |
(22 | ) | | | | (22 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Other operating expenses |
264 | 289 | 204 | 85 | (25 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||||||||||
$ | 4,464 | $ | 4,628 | $ | 3,122 | $ | 1,506 | $ | (164 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for the one month ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and the two months ended March 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
As discussed in Note 1 (Basis of Presentation) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, distribution expenses include commissions, GDS and credit card transaction fees. Prior period information has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Previously, GDS and credit card transaction fees were classified as components of purchased services and commissions were reported as a separate expense item in the Companys Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006.
Salaries and related costs were relatively unchanged, decreasing $15 million, or 1%, in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the year-ago period. This benefit was largely due to a reduction in share-based compensation expense which was $69 million in the 2006 period, but only $15 million in the 2007 period. Less compensation expense was recognized in the 2007 period as compared to the 2006 period for awards that were granted in 2006. Immediate recognition of 100% of the cost of awards granted to retirement-eligible employees accounts for a significant amount of this decrease. In addition, to properly expense the proportional cost of awards by each vesting date within these awards, we expensed the proportionate cost of the awards that vested in 2006 and a portion of the cost of the awards scheduled to vest in future periods. There were not any significant grants in the 2007 period as compared to the 2006 period, which included a large number of grants associated with our emergence from bankruptcy. Offsetting the benefit of decreased share-based compensation expense was a slight increase in salaries and health care benefits as a result of inflationary pressures and a $49 million increase in profit sharing expense. This increase in profit sharing expense is the combined impact of both components of the Companys success sharing program, the performance incentive component and the profit sharing
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component. Payouts under the performance incentive component are separately determined based on the Companys performance against each of three goals: operational reliability, customer satisfaction and financial performance. The profit sharing component of the success sharing program will payout 15% of the Companys 2007 adjusted pre-tax earnings, an increase from the 2006 payout formula of 7.5%.
Aircraft fuel decreased $26 million, or 2%, in the three month period ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. This net fuel benefit was due to a 3% decrease in the average price per gallon of jet fuel from $1.95 per gallon in the first quarter of 2006 to $1.89 per gallon in the first quarter of 2007, resulting from favorable market conditions, and a $12 million increase in net hedge gains that were $21 million in the 2007 period as compared to $9 million in the 2006 period. Partially offsetting the price and hedging benefits was a 1% increase in fuel consumption in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the year-ago period.
Regional affiliate expense decreased $4 million, or 1%, during the first three months of 2007 as compared to the same period last year, despite the $6 million, or 1%, increase in revenue from regional affiliate operations. Our regional affiliate operating margin was a loss of $17 million in the 2007 period as compared to a loss of $27 million in the 2006 period. This improvement is due to the restructuring of lower-cost regional carrier capacity agreements, the replacement of some 50-seat regional jets with 70-seat regional jets and regional carrier network optimization. All of these improvements were put in place throughout 2006; however, we are still realizing some year-over-year benefits in 2007 as the improvements have been in place for the full period in 2007, but for only part of the 2006 period. The average price of regional affiliates fuel decreased by 2%, which decreased fuel cost by $1 million in the 2007 period as compared to the 2006 period.
For the first three months ended March 31, 2007, aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs expense increased $22 million, or 8%, year-over-year primarily due to higher rates included in certain of our power by the hour contracts in the first quarter of 2007 as compared to the first quarter of 2006.
Landing fees and other rent increased $18 million, or 8%, in the first quarter of 2006 as compared to the year-ago period due to inflationary pressures at certain of our key airports in the 2007 period as compared to the year-ago period. In addition, in 2006 we received an $8 million credit from one of our airports upon completion of an audit of expenses for multiple years. These year-over-year negative impacts were partially offset by a reduction in the amount of facilities rented based upon our ongoing efforts to optimize our rented facilities with our operational needs.
Distribution expenses, which include commissions, GDS fees and credit card fees, decreased 6% from the 2006 period to $188 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2007. This decrease was due to cost savings realized from the renegotiation of certain of our GDS vendor agreements. This GDS benefit was partially offset by slightly higher credit card discount fees due to a combination of increased volume and increased rates.
The decrease in cost of sales of $97 million in the 2007 period as compared to the 2006 period was primarily due to lower UAFC third party fuel sales and third-party maintenance work as described in the discussion of revenue variances above. The decrease in cost of sales is relatively consistent with the $85 million decrease in other revenues for the same periods.
Special items of $22 million include the benefit of a reduction in recorded accruals for pending bankruptcy litigation related to our SFO and LAX municipal bond obligations. See Note 2 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information on these pending matters.
Other operating expense decreased $25 million, or 9%, in the first three months of 2007, as compared to the first three months of 2006. This decrease was primarily due to a $19 million reduction in advertising expenditures.
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Non-operating expenses. The following table illustrates the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in other income (expense).
Successor | Combined Three Months Ended March 31, 2006(a) |
Successor | Predecessor | $ Change |
% Change | |||||||||||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 |
Period from February 1 to March 31, 2006 |
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
$ | (206 | ) | $ | (173 | ) | $ | (131 | ) | $ | (42 | ) | $ | (33 | ) | 19 | ||||||
Interest income |
60 | 34 | 28 | 6 | 26 | 76 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest capitalized |
5 | 3 | 3 | | 2 | 67 | ||||||||||||||||
Miscellaneous, net |
(1 | ) | 1 | 1 | | (2 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
$ | (142 | ) | $ | (135 | ) | $ | (99 | ) | $ | (36 | ) | $ | (7 | ) | 5 | |||||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for the one month period ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and the two month period ended March 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
Interest expense increased $33 million, or 19%, in the quarter ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the year-ago period. This increase was primarily due to expense of $17 million for previously capitalized debt issuance costs that were associated with the prepaid portion of our credit facility and $6 million for financing costs in connection with the February amendment of our credit facility. The 2007 period was also favorably impacted by the amendment of our credit facility, which lowered the Companys interest rate on these obligations.
Interest income increased $26 million year over year reflecting a higher average cash balance in 2007, as well as higher rates of return on certain investments; interest income also increased due to the classification of $6 million of interest income as reorganization items in the January 2006 predecessor period in accordance with SOP 90-7.
Income Taxes. The Company recorded income taxes for the three month period ended March 31, 2007 based on its estimated effective tax rate of 35%. Income taxes were not recorded in the same period of 2006.
Results of OperationsCombined Twelve Month Period of 2006 and Fiscal Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004
As described in Overview, presentation of the combined twelve month period of 2006 is a non-GAAP measure; however, management believes it is useful for comparison with the full years of 2005 and 2004.
The air travel business is subject to seasonal fluctuations. The Companys operations can be adversely impacted by severe weather and its first and fourth quarter results normally reflect lower travel demand. Historically, because of these seasonal factors, results of operations are better in the second and third quarters.
Earnings from operations increased $684 million to $459 million in 2006 as compared to a loss from operations of $225 million in 2005. Excluding reorganization items, the net loss was $51 million in 2006 which represents an improvement of $553 million over the net loss in 2005 of $604 million. These improvements are due to the net impact of the items discussed below, among other factors. See Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Financial Statement Presentation) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further information on reorganization items.
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Operating Revenues.
2006 Compared to 2005
The following table illustrates the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in major categories of operating revenues.
Predecessor | Successor | Combined Period Ended December 31, 2006(a) |
Predecessor | $ Change |
% Change | ||||||||||||
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
Period from February 1 to December 31, 2006 |
Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||
Operating revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||
PassengerUnited Airlines |
$ | 1,074 | $ | 13,293 | $ | 14,367 | $ | 12,914 | $ | 1,453 | 11 | ||||||
PassengerRegional affiliates |
204 | 2,697 | 2,901 | 2,429 | 472 | 19 | |||||||||||
Cargo |
56 | 694 | 750 | 729 | 21 | 3 | |||||||||||
Other operating revenues |
120 | 1,196 | 1,316 | 1,232 | 84 | 7 | |||||||||||
$ | 1,454 | $ | 17,880 | $ | 19,334 | $ | 17,304 | $ | 2,030 | 12 | |||||||
(a) | The combined 2006 period includes the results for one month ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and eleven months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
Strong demand, industry capacity restraint, yield improvements, Uniteds resource optimization initiatives, and ongoing airline network optimization all contributed to a $2.0 billion increase in total operating revenue to $19.3 billion in 2006. The 11% mainline passenger revenue increase was due to both increased traffic and higher average ticket prices; United reported a 3% increase in mainline traffic on a 2% increase in capacity and an 8% increase in yield. Severe winter storms in December 2006 at the Chicago and Denver hubs, which resulted in the cancellation of approximately 3,900 United and United Express flights at these locations, had the estimated impact of reducing revenue by $40 million and reducing total expenses by $11 million. As discussed under Critical Accounting Policies, the Company changed the accounting for its frequent flyer obligation to a deferred revenue model upon its emergence from bankruptcy which negatively impacted revenues by $158 million. This resulted in increased deferred revenue due to a net increase in miles earned by Mileage Plus customers that will be redeemed in future years.
The 19% increase in regional affiliate revenues was also due to traffic and yield improvements as indicated in the table below.
The increase in cargo revenue was primarily due to improved yield, which was partially due to higher fuel surcharges between periods.
The table below presents selected passenger revenues and operating data by geographic region and the Companys mainline and United Express segments expressed as period-to-period changes:
2006 |
North America |
Pacific | Atlantic | Latin America |
Mainline | United Express |
Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) from 2005(a): |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger revenues (in millions) |
$1,022 | $234 | $118 | $79 | $1,453 | $472 | $1,925 | ||||||||||||||
Passenger revenues |
13 | % | 9 | % | 6 | % | 19 | % | 11 | % | 19 | % | 13 | % | |||||||
ASMs |
4 | % | | % | (2 | )% | 9 | % | 2 | % | 9 | % | 3 | % | |||||||
RPMs |
4 | % | 1 | % | (2 | )% | 13 | % | 3 | % | 13 | % | 4 | % | |||||||
Load factor (percent) |
0.3 | pts | 1.4 | pts | 0.7 | pts | 2.6 | pts | 0.7 | pts | 2.7 | pts | 0.8 | pts | |||||||
Yield(b) |
9 | % | 8 | % | 9 | % | 6 | % | 8 | % | 6 | % | 9 | % |
(a) | The combined 2006 period includes the results for one month ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and eleven months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
(b) | Yields exclude charter revenue and revenue passenger miles. |
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2005 Compared to 2004
The following table illustrates the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in major categories of operating revenues.
2005 | 2004 | $ Change |
% Change | |||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
Operating revenues: |
||||||||||||
PassengerUnited Airlines |
$ | 12,914 | $ | 12,542 | $ | 372 | 3 | |||||
PassengerRegional affiliates |
2,429 | 1,931 | 498 | 26 | ||||||||
Cargo |
729 | 704 | 25 | 4 | ||||||||
Other operating revenues |
1,232 | 1,236 | (4 | ) | | |||||||
Total |
$ | 17,304 | $ | 16,413 | $ | 891 | 5 | |||||
The table below presents selected passenger revenues and operating data by geographic region and the Companys mainline and United Express segments expressed as period-to-period changes:
2005 |
North America |
Pacific | Atlantic | Latin America |
Mainline | United Express |
Consolidated | ||||||||||||||
Increase (decrease) from 2004: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Passenger revenues (in millions) |
$(153 | ) | $364 | $101 | $60 | $372 | $498 | $870 | |||||||||||||
Passenger revenues |
(2 | )% | 16 | % | 6 | % | 16 | % | 3 | % | 26 | % | 6 | % | |||||||
ASMs |
(10 | )% | 13 | % | 1 | % | 16 | % | (3 | )% | 21 | % | (2 | )% | |||||||
RPMs |
(6 | )% | 12 | % | 1 | % | 16 | % | (1 | )% | 23 | % | 1 | % | |||||||
Load factor |
3.7 | pts | (0.9 | ) pts | 0.1 | pts | 0.1 | pts | 2.2 | pts | 1.0 | pts | 2.0 | pts | |||||||
Yield(a) |
5 | % | 4 | % | 7 | % | (2 | )% | 4 | % | 3 | % | 5 | % |
(a) | Yields exclude charter revenue and revenue passenger miles. |
Consolidated operating revenues increased $891 million, or 5%, in 2005 as compared to 2004. Mainline passenger revenues increased $372 million, or 3%, due to a 4% increase in yield slightly offset by a decline in RPMs of 1%. ASMs decreased 3%; however, passenger load factor increased 2.2 points to 81.4%.
Passenger revenuesRegional affiliates increased $498 million, or 26%, in 2005 as compared to 2004 mainly due to increased volume of United Express regional carrier flying. Cargo revenues increased $25 million, or 4%, in 2005 as compared to 2004 due to a 1% increase in cargo ton miles combined with a 2% increase in cargo yield.
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Operating Expenses.
2006 Compared to 2005
The table below includes the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in operating expenses. Significant fluctuations are discussed below.
Predecessor | Successor | Combined Period Ended December 31, 2006(a) |
Predecessor | $ Change |
% Change |
||||||||||||||||
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
Period from February 1 to December 31, 2006 |
Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel |
$ | 362 | $ | 4,462 | $ | 4,824 | $ | 4,032 | $ | 792 | 20 | ||||||||||
Salaries and related costs |
358 | 3,907 | 4,265 | 4,014 | 251 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Regional affiliates |
228 | 2,596 | 2,824 | 2,746 | 78 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Purchased services |
133 | 1,593 | 1,726 | 1,519 | 207 | 14 | |||||||||||||||
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs |
80 | 929 | 1,009 | 881 | 128 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
68 | 820 | 888 | 854 | 34 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
Landing fees and other rent |
75 | 800 | 875 | 915 | (40 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||||||||
Cost of third party sales |
63 | 604 | 667 | 656 | 11 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
Aircraft rent |
30 | 386 | 416 | 404 | 12 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Commissions |
24 | 291 | 315 | 305 | 10 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Special operating items(b) |
| (36 | ) | (36 | ) | 5 | (41 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Other operating expenses |
85 | 1,017 | 1,102 | 1,198 | (96 | ) | (8 | ) | |||||||||||||
$ | 1,506 | $ | 17,369 | $ | 18,875 | $ | 17,529 | $ | 1,346 | 8 | |||||||||||
(a) | The combined period includes the results for one month ended January 31, 2006 (Predecessor Company) and eleven months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor Company). |
(b) | See Note 17 (Special Items) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. |
In 2006, United implemented a resource optimization initiative that increased the number of mainline ASMs by 1% percent and United Express ASMs by 3%, for a consolidated ASM impact of 2%, without the use of additional aircraft. In addition to generating increased revenue, this contributed to additional variable expenses such as fuel, salaries, and other expense items.
Higher fuel costs have had a significantly adverse effect on the Companys operating expenses in 2006 as compared to 2005. In 2006, mainline aircraft fuel expense increased 20% due to an increase in average mainline fuel cost from $1.79 per gallon in 2005 to $2.11 per gallon in 2006, while fuel consumption increased 2% on a similar increase in mainline capacity. The Company recognized a net fuel hedge loss of $26 million in aircraft fuel expense in 2006, which is included in the $2.11 per gallon average cost, whereas in 2005 most fuel hedging gains and losses were recorded in non-operating income and expense. In 2005, the Company recorded $40 million of fuel hedging gains in non-operating income, as discussed below.
Salaries and related costs increased $251 million, or 6%, in 2006 as compared to the prior year. In 2006 the Company recorded $159 million of expense, representing 4% of the increase in salaries and related costs, for UALs share-based compensation plans because of the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, effective January 1, 2006. In addition, the Company incurred an additional $26 million related to employee performance incentive programs in 2006 as compared to 2005. The Company also recorded $64 million in higher postretirement expenses and $35 million in higher medical and dental expenses in 2006 than in 2005. Salaries also increased due to merit increases awarded to employees in
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2006, which were infrequent throughout bankruptcy. These cost increases were partially offset by a 6% year-over-year improvement in labor productivity resulting from the Companys continuous improvement efforts, together with selective outsourcing of certain non-core functions. In 2006, the Company achieved its goal to reduce 1,000 management and administrative positions.
The Companys most significant regional affiliate expenses are capacity payments to the regional carriers and fuel expense. Fuel accounted for 30% of the Companys regional affiliate expense in 2006, as compared to 26% in 2005. Fuel cost increased due to increased market prices for jet fuel, as discussed above, and increased fuel consumption from higher capacity. The Companys regional affiliate expense increased only 3% despite a 9% increase in capacity due to the benefits of restructured lower-cost regional carrier capacity agreements in 2006 along with regional carrier network optimization and the replacement of some 50-seat regional jets with 70-seat regional jets. The 3% increase in regional affiliates expense includes an 18% increase in fuel costs. See Note 2(i) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesUnited Express) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further discussion of the Regional affiliates expense.
Purchased services increased $207 million, or 14%, in 2006, as compared to 2005, primarily due to an increase of approximately $120 million in outsourcing costs for various non-core work activities; a $33 million increase in certain professional fees, which were classified as reorganization expenses by the Predecessor Company; and a $24 million increase in credit card fees due to higher passenger revenues. The offsetting benefits of higher outsourcing costs are reflected in a 4% reduction in manpower associated with the 6% labor productivity improvement noted for salaries and related costs.
In 2006, aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs expense increased $128 million, or 15%, from 2005 primarily due to engine-related maintenance rate increases as well as increased volume.
As discussed in Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Fresh-Start Reporting) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, the Company revalued its assets and liabilities to estimated fair values. In 2006, amortization expense increased $165 million due to the recognition of $465 million of additional definite-lived intangible assets; however, this increase was offset by decreased depreciation expense from fresh-start reporting adjustments that significantly reduced depreciable tangible asset book values to fair value. The impact of the decrease in tangible asset valuation was significant as depreciation and amortization only increased $34 million despite the $165 million increase in intangible asset amortization and incremental depreciation on post-emergence property additions.
Other operating expense decreased $96 million in 2006, as compared to 2005. The adoption of fresh-start reporting, which included the revaluation of the Companys frequent flyer obligation to estimated fair value and the change in accounting policy to a deferred revenue model for the Successor Company reduced other expense by $27 million. For periods on or after February 1, 2006, adjustments to the frequent flyer obligation are recorded to passenger and other operating revenues, whereas periodic adjustments under the Predecessor Companys incremental cost basis were recognized in both operating revenues and other operating expense. See Critical Accounting Policies, for further details. Various cost savings initiatives also reduced the Companys costs in 2006 as compared to 2005.
In 2006, the Company recognized a net benefit of approximately $36 million to operating expense resulting from the resolution of preconfirmation contingencies for the estimated liability for SFO and LAX municipal bond obligations, and favorable adjustments to preconfirmation contingencies related to the pilots non-qualified pension plan. In 2005, the Company recognized a charge of $18 million for aircraft impairments related to the planned accelerated retirement of certain aircraft. See Note 17 (Special Items) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further information.
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2005 Compared to 2004
The following table presents year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in consolidated operating expenses for the Predecessor Company in 2005 as compared to 2004.
2005 | 2004 | $ Change |
% Change |
||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
|||||||||||||
Aircraft fuel |
$ | 4,032 | $ | 2,943 | $ | 1,089 | 37 | ||||||
Salaries and related costs |
4,014 | 5,002 | (988 | ) | (20 | ) | |||||||
Regional affiliates |
2,746 | 2,424 | 322 | 13 | |||||||||
Purchased services |
1,519 | 1,461 | 58 | 4 | |||||||||
Aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs |
881 | 747 | 134 | 18 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
854 | 871 | (17 | ) | (2 | ) | |||||||
Landing fees and other rent |
915 | 964 | (49 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||
Cost of third party sales |
656 | 690 | (34 | ) | (5 | ) | |||||||
Aircraft rent |
404 | 537 | (133 | ) | (25 | ) | |||||||
Commissions |
305 | 305 | | | |||||||||
Special operating items(a) |
5 | | 5 | | |||||||||
Other operating expenses |
1,198 | 1,273 | (75 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||
$ | 17,529 | $ | 17,217 | $ | 312 | 2 | |||||||
(a) | See Note 17 (Special Items) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. |
Overall, operating expense increased only 2% in 2005 from 2004. The significant changes from 2004 to 2005 included:
| A $1.1 billion, or 37%, increase in aircraft fuel expense was primarily due to a 43% increase in the average cost of fuel (including tax and hedge impact), partially offset by a 4% decrease in consumption. |
| Salaries and related costs decreased by $1.0 billion, or 20%, primarily due to cost savings associated with lower salaries and benefits as well as lower full-time equivalent employees. The decrease in salaries and related costs was driven by wage and benefit concessions resulting from negotiations with employees and productivity improvements. |
| Regional affiliates increased $322 million primarily as a result of increased fuel costs and volumes of United Express regional carrier flying, partially offset by new and amended contract savings. |
| A $134 million increase in aircraft maintenance materials and outside repairs resulted primarily from higher levels of purchased maintenance activity. This increase was partially offset by certain productivity and labor rate improvements, the effects of which are reflected in salaries and related costs. |
| A $133 million decrease in aircraft rent was due to the restructuring of aircraft lease obligations and fleet reductions. |
S-46
Other income (expense).
2006 Compared to 2005
The following table illustrates the year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in consolidated other income (expense).
Predecessor | Successor | Combined Period Ended December 31, 2006(a) |
Predecessor | $ Change |
% Change |
||||||||||||||||||
Period from January 1 to January 31, 2006 |
Period from February 1 to December 31, 2006 |
Year Ended December 31, 2005 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
$ | (42 | ) | $ | (729 | ) | $ | (771 | ) | $ | (492 | ) | $ | (279 | ) | (57 | ) | ||||||
Interest income |
6 | 250 | 256 | 36 | 220 | 611 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest capitalized |
| 15 | 15 | (3 | ) | 18 | | ||||||||||||||||
Miscellaneous, net |
| 11 | 11 | 76 | (65 | ) | (86 | ) | |||||||||||||||
$ | (36 | ) | $ | (453 | ) | $ | (489 | ) | $ | (383 | ) | $ | (106 | ) | (28 | ) | |||||||
The Company incurred a $279 million increase in interest expense, which was partly due to the higher outstanding principal balance of its credit facility for the Successor Company, as compared to the lower Debtor-In-Possession credit facility (DIP Financing) balance for the Predecessor Company. Interest expense in 2006 was also unfavorably impacted by the associated amortization of various discounts which were recorded on debt instruments and capital leases to record these obligations at fair value upon the adoption of fresh-start reporting. Interest income increased $220 million year-over-year, reflecting a higher cash balance in 2006, as well as higher rates of return on certain investments. Interest income also increased due to the classification of most interest income in 2005 as reorganization expense in accordance with SOP 90-7. In 2005, the Company recorded $40 million of fuel hedge gains which did not qualify for hedge accounting in non-operating income, while in 2006 the $26 million net realized and unrealized loss from economic fuel hedges was recognized in aircraft fuel expense.
2005 Compared to 2004
The following table presents year-over-year dollar and percentage changes in consolidated other income (expense) for the Predecessor Company in 2005 as compared to 2004.
2005 | 2004 | $ Change |
% Change |
||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): |
|||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
$ | (492 | ) | $ | (462 | ) | $ | (30 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||
Interest income |
36 | 25 | 11 | 44 | |||||||||||
Interest capitalized |
(3 | ) | 1 | (4 | ) | | |||||||||
Gain on sale of investments(a) |
| 158 | (158 | ) | | ||||||||||
Non-operating special items(b) |
| 5 | (5 | ) | | ||||||||||
Miscellaneous, net |
76 | 4 | 72 | | |||||||||||
$ | (383 | ) | $ | (269 | ) | $ | (114 | ) | (42 | ) | |||||
(a) | See Note 5 (Investments) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. |
(b) | See Note 17 (Special Items) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. |
The Company reported a gain of $158 million from the sale of its investment in Orbitz in 2004. In addition, an increase in interest expense of $30 million, or 6%, in 2005 was due to higher interest and fees applicable to
S-47
the increased outstanding debt on the DIP Financing between periods. The Company recorded $40 million of fuel hedge gains in Miscellaneous, net in 2005 since they did not qualify for hedge accounting. There were no significant fuel hedge gains or losses included in Miscellaneous, net in 2004. In 2005, the other significant item that was included in Miscellaneous, net was approximately $25 million of foreign currency transaction gains from the revaluation of certain foreign currency denominated debt and pension obligations.
See Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Financial Statement Presentation) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further information on Reorganization items, net.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity. Uniteds total of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and short-term investments was $4.1 billion, $4.9 billion and $2.7 billion at March 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, including restricted cash of $825 million, $809 million and $928 million, respectively. At December 31, 2006, the Company reclassified $972 million of its long-term debt to current maturities to reflect its intent to prepay a portion of its credit facility. In February 2007, the Company reduced its cash position by $972 million through the prepayment of part of its credit facility debt. This debt prepayment reduced the Companys cash balance to a level that it believes is more optimal. In addition, certain terms of the credit facility were amended in February 2007. The amended credit facility consists of a $1.8 billion term loan and a $255 million revolving commitment. At the Companys option, interest payments are based on either a base rate, as defined in the amended credit facility, or at LIBOR plus 2%. This applicable margin on LIBOR rate loans is a significant reduction of 1.75% from the previous credit facility. The amended credit facility frees up a significant amount of assets that had been pledged as collateral under the previous credit facility. See the Capital Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements for information related to scheduled maturities on the amended credit facility. In January 2007, the Company decided to terminate the interest rate swap that had been used to hedge the future interest payments under the original credit facility term loan of $2.45 billion. In the first quarter of 2007, the Company expensed approximately $17 million of deferred financing costs related to the prepaid portion of the previous credit facility.
Restricted cash primarily represents cash collateral to secure workers compensation obligations, security deposits for airport leases and reserves with institutions that process Uniteds credit card ticket sales. Certain of the credit card processing arrangements are based on the aggregate then-outstanding bank card air traffic liability, the Companys credit rating and its compliance with certain debt covenants. Credit rating downgrades or debt covenant noncompliance could materially increase the Companys reserve requirements.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities.
Three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to prior year period
The Company generated cash from operations of $620 million in the quarter ended March 31, 2007 as compared to cash from operations of $455 million in the year-ago period. Net loss before reorganization items improved by $150 million in the first quarter of 2007, as compared to the prior year period. This $150 million improvement includes non-cash tax benefits of $80 million. In addition, cash generated from operations increased due to changes in working capital. Significant year-over-year changes in working capital items included deferred revenue and advance ticket sales of $95 million and $194 million, respectively, which increased primarily due to increased ticket sales in advance of the spring and summer travel seasons.
2006 compared to 2005
The Company generated cash from operations of $1.6 billion in 2006 compared to $1.1 billion in 2005. The higher operating cash flow generated in 2006 was due to improved results of operations as discussed above under
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Results of Operation together with differences in the timing and amount of working capital items, and other smaller changes. As discussed under Fresh-Start Reporting, Uniteds 2006 net income includes significant non-cash items.
The Company does not have any significant defined benefit pension plan contribution requirements as most of the Company-sponsored plans were replaced with defined contribution plans upon its emergence from bankruptcy. The Company contributed approximately $259 million and $11 million to its defined contribution plans and non-U.S. pension plans, respectively, in the eleven months ended December 31, 2006.
2005 compared to 2004
For the year ended December 31, 2005, United generated cash from operations of $1.1 billion, a $936 million increase over cash generated from operations of $114 million in 2004. The higher operating cash generated in 2005 was largely due to improved results of operations, together with increased advanced ticket sales and differences in amounts and timing of other working capital changes.
The Company contributed $127 million towards its U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plans in 2004, but made no such cash contributions in 2005. The Company contributed $61 million and $75 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively, largely towards its non-U.S. pension plans and its U.S. non-qualified pension plans. Detailed information regarding the Companys pension plans is included in Note 6 (Retirement and Postretirement Plans) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities.
Three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to prior year period
In the three months ended March 31, 2007, cash of $17 million was used to increase segregated and restricted funds as compared to cash of $266 million that was provided by a decrease in the segregated and restricted accounts in the three month period ended March 31, 2006. The significant cash generated from restricted accounts in the 2006 period was due to our improved financial position upon our emergence from bankruptcy. Net sales of short-term investments provided $118 million of cash in the 2007 period as compared to $73 million in the year-ago period. This change was due to normal cash management activities as our short-term investments are part of our overall cash management policy. Capital expenditures were $68 million and $92 million in the 2007 and 2006 periods, respectively.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007 and the prior year period the Company did not sell or acquire any aircraft.
2006 Compared to 2005
Cash used by investing activities was $293 million in 2006 as compared to $287 million in 2005. Cash released from segregated funds after exit from bankruptcy in 2006 provided $200 million in cash proceeds. Cash used for increases in short-term investments in 2006 was $231 million, compared to no short-term investment activity in 2005. A reduction in restricted cash balances provided $119 million of cash proceeds in 2006, as compared to cash used to increase restricted cash of $72 million in 2005. Required restricted cash balances in 2006 have decreased slightly from 2005 as a result of the Companys emergence from bankruptcy, among other factors.
In 2006, the Company did not reject or return any aircraft under Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code, although the sale of nine non-operating B767-200 aircraft during this period provided $19 million in cash proceeds from the disposition of property and equipment. The Company used $362 million in cash for the acquisition of property and equipment in 2006, as compared to $469 million in 2005.
S-49
2005 Compared to 2004
Overall, cash used in investing activities of $287 million in 2005 was comparable to cash used of $294 million in 2004.
The Company sold ten B727, five B737 and seven B767 aircraft and rejected or returned to the financiers 30 B737 aircraft, ten B767 aircraft and one B747 aircraft under Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code in 2005. The Company then reacquired eight of the previously-returned B767 aircraft, of which four were purchased by the Company from a group (the Public Debt Group) of mostly-public financiers with whom the Company had an ongoing dispute involving 14 aircraft financed under the Series 1997-1 Enhanced Equipment Trust Certificates, which dispute was resolved in the first quarter of 2006, and subsequently sold to a third-party and simultaneously leased back, and of which four were acquired directly by a third-party from the Public Debt Group and subsequently leased to the Company. In addition, the Company, as part of its agreement with the Public Debt Group, purchased six additional B767 aircraft from the Public Debt Group, which were subsequently sold to and leased back from third parties.
During 2004, the Company received $218 million from the sales of its investments in Orbitz and Air Canada and used $199 million to provide increased cash deposits classified as restricted and $267 million for the acquisition of property and equipment.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities.
Three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to prior year period
Cash used by financing activities was $1.3 billion in the three month period ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $1.2 billion of cash provided by financing activities during the first three months of 2006. In 2007, the Company used cash of approximately $1.3 billion to prepay approximately $1.0 billion of its credit facility debt and make other scheduled long-term debt and capital lease payments. A combination of the Companys initial credit facility upon exiting bankruptcy and significant cash generated from operations in 2006 provided us with a larger than optimal cash balance. The credit facility prepayment adjusted our cash balance to a level we believe is more optimal. During the combined three months of 2006, the Company generated proceeds of $3.0 billion from its new credit facility but used approximately $1.7 billion of these proceeds to repay the $1.2 billion debtor-in-possession credit facility and make other scheduled and revolving payments under long-term debt and capital lease agreements.
In February 2007, the Company amended certain terms of its credit facility, resulting in a reduction in the amount of the credit facility from $3.0 billion to $2.055 billion, consisting of a $1.8 billion term loan commitment and a $255 million revolving commitment. At the Companys option, interest payments are based on either a base rate, as defined in its amended credit facility, or LIBOR plus 2%. This applicable margin on LIBOR rate loans is a significant reduction of 1.75% from the original terms of the previous credit facility. The amended credit facility frees up a significant amount of assets that had been pledged as collateral under the original credit facility. At March 31, 2007, $191 million was available for loans or standby letters of credit under the amended credit facility. See Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information related to the amended credit facility.
In January 2007, the Company paid $4 million to terminate the interest rate swap that had been used to hedge a portion of the future interest payments under the original credit facility term loan of $2.45 billion. See Note 10 (Financial Instruments and Risk Management) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein, for further information related to this swap agreement.
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2006 Compared to 2005
Cash generated through financing activities was $783 million in 2006 compared to cash used of $105 million in 2005. In 2006, the Company made principal payments under long-term debt and capital lease obligations totaling $2.1 billion, which included $1.2 billion for the repayment of the DIP Financing.
In 2006, the Company obtained access to up to $3.0 billion in secured exit financing which consisted of a $2.45 billion term loan, a $350 million delayed draw term loan and a $200 million revolving credit line. On the Effective Date, $2.45 billion of the $2.8 billion term loan and the entire revolving credit line was drawn and used to repay the DIP Financing and to make other payments required upon exit from bankruptcy, as well as to provide ongoing liquidity to conduct post-reorganization operations. Subsequently, the Company repaid borrowings under the revolving credit line and accessed the remaining $350 million on the delayed draw term loan. For further details on the credit facility, see Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. At December 31, 2006, the Company had a total of $2.8 billion of debt and $63 million in letters of credit outstanding under the credit facility.
During 2006, the Company secured control of 14 aircraft that were included in the 1997-1 EETC transaction by remitting $281 million to the 1997-1 EETC trustee on behalf of the holders of the Tranche A certificates. The Company subsequently refinanced the 14 aircraft on March 28, 2006 with the $350 million delayed draw term loan provided under the credit facility. The 14 aircraft are comprised of four B737 aircraft, two B747 aircraft, four B777 aircraft and four A320 aircraft.
Significant 2006 non-cash financing and investment activities included the conversion of six B757 aircraft and one B747 aircraft from leased to owned status resulting in additional aircraft assets and debt obligations of $242 million. The Company completed definitive documentation for this transaction in July 2006, as discussed in Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. In addition, in the first quarter of 2006 the Successor Company completed a transaction that converted certain mortgaged aircraft to capital leases for $137 million. See Note 14 (Statement of Consolidated Cash FlowsSupplemental Disclosures) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
2005 Compared to 2004
Cash used in financing activities was $105 million in 2005 compared to $93 million in 2004. During 2005, the Company made principal payments under long-term debt, DIP Financing, and capital lease obligations of $285 million, $16 million, and $94 million, respectively. The total cash used for these payments was $395 million in 2005, as compared to total cash used of $737 million for principal payments under debt and capital lease obligations in 2004. In 2005 as compared to 2004, a decrease of $203 million in proceeds from the DIP financing offset the significant decrease in principal payments.
During 2005, the Company made $16 million in principal payments on the DIP Financing. In addition, the Company renegotiated and expanded its DIP Financing facility, allowing it to borrow an additional $310 million during 2005. The amended DIP Financing facility also permitted the Company to make capital expenditures not exceeding $750 million towards aircraft acquisitions, with cash expenditures for such acquisitions not to exceed $300 million. This capital expenditures basket was created primarily to allow the Company to purchase certain aircraft that were controlled by the Public Debt Group, all of which were already in its fleet or had been in its fleet in the recent past. The Company raised $253 million in connection with the subsequent long-term financing of ten of the B767 aircraft acquired from the Public Debt Group.
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Capital Commitments and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. Uniteds business is very capital intensive, requiring significant amounts of capital to fund the acquisition of assets, particularly aircraft. In the past, the Company has funded the acquisition of aircraft through outright purchase, by issuing debt, by entering into capital or operating leases, or through vendor financings. The Company also often enters into long-term lease commitments with airports to ensure access to terminal, cargo, maintenance and other required facilities.
Following is a summary of the Companys material contractual obligations as of December 31, 2006:
One year or less |
Years 2 and 3 |
Years 4 and 5 |
After 5 years |
Total | |||||||||||
(In millions) | |||||||||||||||
Long-term debt, including current portion(a) |
$ | 714 | $ | 1,441 | $ | 1,776 | $ | 5,452 | $ | 9,383 | |||||
Interest payments(b) |
669 | 1,190 | 968 | 1,324 | 4,151 | ||||||||||
Capital lease obligations |
|||||||||||||||
Mainline(c) |
240 | 470 | 586 | 679 | 1,975 | ||||||||||
United Express(c) |
15 | 29 | 25 | 19 | 88 | ||||||||||
Aircraft operating lease obligations |
|||||||||||||||
Mainline |
360 | 673 | 619 | 1,239 | 2,891 | ||||||||||
United Express(d) |
413 | 818 | 738 | 1,117 | 3,086 | ||||||||||
Other operating lease obligations |
507 | 951 | 859 | 3,464 | 5,781 | ||||||||||
Postretirement obligations(e) |
161 | 321 | 312 | 709 | 1,503 | ||||||||||
Capital spending commitments(f) |
128 | 76 | 691 | 1,577 | 2,472 | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 3,207 | $ | 5,969 | $ | 6,574 | $ | 15,580 | $ | 31,330 | |||||
(a) | Amounts represent contractual amounts due (the one year or less column does not reflect the $972 million prepayment of the credit facility in February 2007, as this was not a contractual obligation at December 31, 2006). |
(b) | Future interest payments on variable rate debt are estimated using estimated future variable rates based on a yield curve and have not been adjusted for the February 2007 $972 million prepayment of the credit facility. |
(c) | Includes non-aircraft capital lease payments of $4 million in each of the years 2007 through 2011. United Express payments are all for aircraft. |
(d) | Amounts represent lease payments that are made by United under capacity agreements with the regional carriers who operate these aircraft on Uniteds behalf. |
(e) | Amounts represent postretirement benefit payments, net of subsidy receipts, through 2016. Benefit payments approximate plan contributions as plans are substantially unfunded. Not included in the table above are contributions related to the Companys foreign pension plans. The Company does not have any significant contributions required by government regulations. The Companys expected pension plan contributions for 2007 are $14 million. |
(f) | Amounts are principally for aircraft and exclude advance payments. The Company has the right to cancel its commitments for the purchase of A319 and A320 aircraft; however, such action could cause the forfeiture of $91 million of advance payments. |
In February 2007, the Company prepaid $972 million on the credit facility and amended certain of its terms. This prepayment increases (decreases) the Companys expected debt payments in the table above by $972 million in 2007, $(10) million in each of the years 2008 through 2011 and $(932) million thereafter. The prepayment and amendment of interest rate terms increases (decreases) the Companys total expected interest payments, as reported in the table above, by $(82) million in one year or less, $(252) million in combined years two and three, $(243) million in combined years four and five and $703 million after five years. Interest payments in the after 2011 period are higher because the amended credit facility matures in 2014 while the previous credit facility would have matured in 2012 based on its original terms.
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See Notes 2(i), 9 and 13, Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional discussion of these items.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. An off-balance sheet arrangement is any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company has (1) made guarantees, (2) a retained or a contingent interest in transferred assets, (3) an obligation under derivative instruments classified as equity or (4) any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the company, or that engages in leasing, hedging or research and development arrangements with the company. The Companys off-balance sheet arrangements include operating leases, which are summarized in the contractual obligations table, above, and certain municipal bond obligations as discussed below.
Certain municipalities issued municipal bonds on behalf of United to finance the construction of improvements at airport-related facilities. The Company also leases facilities at airports where municipal bonds funded at least some of the construction of airport-related projects. At December 31, 2006, the Company guaranteed interest and principal payments on $261 million in principal of such bonds that were issued in 1992 and are due in 2032 unless the Company elects not to extend its lease in which case the bonds are due in 2023. The outstanding bonds and related guarantee are not recorded in the Companys audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein, in accordance with GAAP. The related lease agreement is accounted for as an operating lease, and the related rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis. The annual lease payments through 2023 and the final payment for the principal amount of the bonds are included in the operating lease payments in the contractual obligations table above. For further details, see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) and Note 12 (Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and UncertaintiesGuarantees and Off-Balance Sheet Financing) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Fuel Consortia. The Company participates in numerous fuel consortia with other carriers at major airports to reduce the costs of fuel distribution and storage. Interline agreements govern the rights and responsibilities of the consortia members and provide for the allocation of the overall costs to operate the consortia based on usage. The consortia (and in limited cases, the participating carriers) have entered into long-term agreements to lease certain airport fuel storage and distribution facilities that are typically financed through tax-exempt bonds (either special facilities lease revenue bonds or general airport revenue bonds), issued by various local municipalities. In general, each consortium lease agreement requires the consortium to make lease payments in amounts sufficient to pay the maturing principal and interest payments on the bonds. As of December 31, 2006, approximately $484 million principal amount of such bonds were secured by fuel facility leases at major hubs in which United participates, as to which United and each of the signatory airlines has provided indirect guarantees of the debt. Uniteds exposure is approximately $171 million principal amount of such bonds based on its recent consortia participation. The Companys exposure could increase if the participation of other carriers decreases. The guarantees will expire when the tax-exempt bonds are paid in full, which ranges from 2010 to 2028. The Company did not record a liability at the time these indirect guarantees were made.
Debt Covenants. The Company was in compliance with the credit facility covenants as of December 31, 2006. As part of the amendment to the credit facility completed in February 2007, several covenants were amended to provide the Company more flexibility. The amended credit facility contains covenants that will limit the ability of United and the Guarantors to, among other things, incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, create liens, pay dividends on or repurchase stock, make certain types of investments, pay dividends or other payments from Uniteds direct or indirect subsidiaries, enter into transactions with affiliates, sell assets or merge with other companies, modify corporate documents or change lines of business. The amended credit facility also requires compliance with certain financial covenants. Failure to comply with the covenants could result in a default under the amended credit facility unless the Company were to obtain a waiver of, or otherwise mitigate or
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cure, any such default. Additionally, the amended credit facility contains a cross-default provision with respect to other credit arrangements that exceed $50 million. A payment default could result in a termination of the amended credit facility and a requirement to accelerate repayment of all outstanding facility borrowings. The Company believes that the combination of its existing cash and cash flows generated by operations will be adequate to satisfy its projected liquidity needs over the next twelve months. For further details about the amended credit facility and the associated covenants, see Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Future Financing. Substantially all of the Companys unencumbered assets were pledged to the credit facility as of December 31, 2006. The amended credit facility allowed the Company to release certain assets with an estimated market value of approximately $2.5 billion from the credit facility collateral pool, which are now unencumbered. The amended credit facility does not place any specific restrictions on the Companys ability to issue debt secured by these newly unencumbered assets. In addition, subject to the restrictions of its amended credit facility, the Company could raise additional capital by issuing unsecured debt, equity or equity-like securities, monetizing or borrowing against certain assets or refinancing existing obligations to generate net cash proceeds. However, the availability and capacity of these funding sources cannot be assured or predicted.
Credit Ratings. As part of their exit from bankruptcy, United and UAL received a corporate credit rating of B (outlook stable) from Standard & Poors and a corporate family rating of B2 (outlook stable) from Moodys Investors Services. These credit ratings are below investment grade levels. Downgrades from these rating levels could restrict the availability and/or increase the cost of future financing for the Company.
Other Information
Foreign Operations. The Companys audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein, reflect material amounts of intangible assets related to the Companys Pacific and Latin American route authorities and its hub at Londons Heathrow Airport. See Note 2(k) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesIntangibles) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further information. Because operating authorities in international markets are governed by bilateral aviation agreements between the U.S. and foreign countries, changes in U.S. or foreign government aviation policies can lead to the alteration or termination of existing air service agreements that could adversely impact, and significantly impair, the value of our international route assets. Significant changes in such policies could also have a material impact on the Companys operating revenues and expenses and results of operations. See Business for further information and Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures above Market Risk for further information on the Companys foreign currency risks associated with its foreign operations.
Critical Accounting Policies
Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are affected by significant judgments and uncertainties which potentially could result in materially different accounting under different assumptions and conditions. The Company has prepared the accompanying financial statements in conformity with GAAP, which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The Company has identified the following critical accounting policies that impact the preparation of these financial statements.
Passenger Revenue Recognition. The value of unused passenger tickets and miscellaneous charge orders (MCOs) is included in current liabilities as advance ticket sales. United records passenger ticket sales as operating revenues when the transportation is provided or when the ticket expires. Non-refundable tickets generally expire on the date of the intended flight, unless the date is extended by notification from the customer
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on or before the intended flight date. Fees charged in association with changes or extensions to non-refundable tickets are recorded as passenger revenue at the time the fee is incurred. Change fees related to non-refundable tickets are considered a separate transaction from the air transportation because they represent a charge for the Companys additional service to modify a previous reservation. Therefore, the pricing of the change fee and the initial customer reservation are separately determined and represent distinct earnings processes. Refundable tickets expire after one year. MCOs are stored value documents that are either exchanged for a passenger ticket or refunded after issuance. United records an estimate of MCOs that will not be exchanged or refunded as revenue ratably over the validity period based on historical results. Due to complex industry pricing structures, refund and exchange policies, and interline agreements with other airlines, certain amounts are recognized as revenue using estimates both as to the timing of recognition and the amount of revenue to be recognized. These estimates are based on the evaluation of actual historical results.
Accounting for Long-Lived Assets. The Company had $11.4 billion in net book value of operating property and equipment at December 31, 2006. In addition to the original cost of these assets, as adjusted by fresh-start reporting at February 1, 2006, their recorded value is impacted by a number of accounting policy elections, including the estimation of useful lives and residual values and, when necessary, the recognition of asset impairment charges.
Except for the adoption of fresh-start reporting at February 1, 2006, whereby the Company remeasured long-lived assets at fair value, it is the Companys policy to record assets acquired, including aircraft, at acquisition cost. Depreciable life is determined through economic analysis, such as reviewing existing fleet plans, obtaining appraisals and comparing estimated lives to other airlines that operate similar fleets. Older generation aircraft are assigned lives that are generally consistent with the experience of United and the practice of other airlines. As aircraft technology has improved, useful life has increased and the Company has generally estimated the lives of those aircraft to be 30 years. Residual values are estimated based on historical experience with regards to the sale of both aircraft and spare parts, and are established in conjunction with the estimated useful lives of the related fleets. Residual values are based on current dollars when the aircraft are acquired and typically reflect asset values that have not reached the end of their physical life. Both depreciable lives and residual values are revised periodically to recognize changes in the Companys fleet plan and other relevant information. A one year increase in the average depreciable life of our aircraft would reduce annual depreciation expense by approximately $19 million.
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, the Company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. The Companys policy is to recognize an impairment charge when an assets carrying value exceeds its net undiscounted future cash flows and its fair market value. The amount of the charge is the difference between the assets book value and fair market value (sometimes estimated using appraisals). More often, the Company estimates the undiscounted future cash flows for its various aircraft with financial models used by the Company to make fleet and scheduling decisions. These models utilize projections on passenger yield, fuel costs, labor costs and other relevant factors, many of which require the exercise of significant judgment on the part of management. Changes in these projections may expose the Company to future impairment charges by raising the threshold which future cash flows need to meet.
The Company recognized impairment charges on assets held-for-sale of $4 million in 2006 and $5 million for the early retirement of certain aircraft in 2005. See Note 2(l) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesMeasurement of Impairments) and Note 17 (Special Items) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
See Note 2(f) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesOperating Property and Equipment) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional information regarding Uniteds policies on accounting for long-lived assets.
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Fresh-Start Reporting. In connection with its emergence from Chapter 11 protection as of February 1, 2006, the Company adopted fresh-start reporting in accordance with SOP 90-7. Accordingly, Uniteds assets, liabilities and equity were valued at their respective fair values as of the Effective Date. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities has been reflected as goodwill in the audited consolidated financial statements of United, incorporated by reference herein.
Fair values of assets and liabilities represent the Companys best estimates based on independent appraisals and valuations and, where the foregoing are not available, industry data and trends and by reference to relevant market rates and transactions. Accordingly, the Company cannot provide assurance that the estimates, assumptions, and values reflected in the asset and liability valuations will be realized, and actual results could vary materially from those estimates. In accordance with SFAS 141, the preliminary measurement and allocation of fair value to assets and liabilities were subject to additional adjustment within one year after emergence from bankruptcy to provide the Company time to complete its valuation of its assets and liabilities. See Notes 1 and 2(k), Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for further details related to the fresh-start fair value adjustments.
To facilitate the calculation of the enterprise value of the Successor Company, a set of financial projections was developed. Based on these financial projections, the equity value was estimated by the Company using various valuation methods, including (i) a comparison of the Company and its projected performance to the market values of comparable companies, (ii) a review and analysis of several recent transactions of companies in similar industries to the Company, and (iii) a calculation of the present value of projected future cash flows using the Companys financial projections.
The estimated enterprise value and corresponding equity value are highly dependent upon achieving the future financial results set forth in the projections as well as the realization of certain other assumptions that cannot be guaranteed. The estimated equity value of the Company was calculated to be approximately $1.9 billion. The foregoing estimates and assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies beyond the reasonable control of the Company. Moreover, the market value of the Companys common stock may differ materially from the fresh-start equity valuation.
Frequent Flyer Accounting. In accordance with fresh-start reporting, the Company revalued its frequent flyer obligation to estimated fair value at the Effective Date, which resulted in a $2.4 billion increase to the frequent flyer obligation. The Successor Company also has elected to change its accounting policy for its Mileage Plus frequent flyer program to a deferred revenue model. The Company believes that accounting for frequent flyer miles using a deferred revenue model is preferable, as it establishes a consistent valuation methodology for both miles earned by frequent flyers and miles sold to non-airline business partners. Before the Effective Date, the Predecessor Company had used the historical industry practice of accounting for frequent flyer miles earned on United flights on an incremental cost basis as an accrued liability and as advertising expense, while miles sold to non-airline business partners were accounted for on a deferred revenue basis. As of the Effective Date, the deferred revenue value of all frequent flyer miles is measured using equivalent ticket value as described below, and all associated adjustments are made to passenger revenues.
The deferred revenue measurement method used to record fair value of the frequent flyer obligation on and after the Effective Date was to allocate an equivalent weighted-average ticket value to each outstanding mile, based upon projected redemption patterns for available award choices when such miles are consumed. Such value was estimated assuming redemptions on both United and other participating carriers in the Mileage Plus program, and by estimating the relative proportions of awards to be redeemed by class of service within broad geographic regions of the Companys operations, including North America, Atlantic, Pacific and Latin America.
Under the new method of accounting adopted for this program at the Effective Date, the Company reduced operating revenue by approximately $158 million more in the eleven months ended December 31, 2006 to
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account for the effects of the program as compared to the reduction in revenues that would have been recognized using the Predecessor Companys accounting method. The Companys new accounting policy does not continue the use of the former incremental cost method, which impacted revenues and advertising expense under that prior policy. Assuming the use of the Predecessor Companys accounting for this program, for the eleven months ended December 31, 2006, the Company estimates that it would have recorded approximately $27 million of additional advertising expense.
The estimation of the fair value of each award mile requires the use of several significant assumptions, for which significant management judgment is required. For example, management must estimate how many miles are projected to be redeemed on United, versus on other airline partners. Since the equivalent ticket value of miles redeemed on United and on other carriers can vary greatly, this assumption can materially affect the calculation of the weighted-average ticket value from period to period.
Management must also estimate the expected redemption patterns of Mileage Plus customers, who have a number of different award choices when redeeming their miles, each of which can have materially different estimated fair values. Such choices include different classes of service (first, business and several coach award levels), as well as different flight itineraries, such as domestic and international routings, and different itineraries within domestic and international regions of Uniteds and other participating carriers flight networks. Customer redemption patterns may also be influenced by program changes, which occur from time to time and introduce new award choices, or make material changes to the terms of existing award choices. Management must often estimate the probable impact of such program changes on future customer behavior using limited data, which requires the use of significant judgment. Management uses historical customer redemption patterns as the best single indicator of future redemption behavior in making its estimates, but changes in customer mileage redemption behavior to patterns which are not consistent with historical behavior can result in material changes to deferred revenue balances and to recognized revenue.
Managements estimate of the expected breakage of miles as of the fresh-start date, and for recognition of breakage post-emergence, also requires significant management judgment. For customer accounts which are inactive for a period of 36 consecutive months, it has been Uniteds policy to cancel all miles contained in those accounts at the end of the 36 month period of inactivity. Under its deferred revenue accounting policy effective in 2006, the Company recognized revenue from breakage of miles by amortizing such estimated breakage over the 36 month expiration period. In early 2007, the Company announced a reduction in the expiration period from 36 months to 18 months effective December 31, 2007. Accordingly, in 2007 the Company began to recognize revenue from breakage of miles by amortizing such estimated breakage over the 18 month expiration period. Current and future changes to program rules, such as the recent change in the expiration period, and program redemption opportunities can significantly alter customer behavior from historical patterns with respect to inactive accounts. Such changes may result in material changes to the deferred revenue balance, as well as recognized revenues from the program. A hypothetical 1% change in the Companys estimated breakage rate, estimated at 15% annually as of March 31, 2007, has an effect of approximately $19 million on the liability. At December 31, 2006 a hypothetical 1% change in the Companys estimated breakage rate, which was estimated at 14% annually, would have had an impact of approximately $18 million effect on the liability. The change in the expiration period provided a benefit of approximately $28 million in the first quarter of 2007 and is expected to provide a benefit of approximately $170 million for the full year of 2007.
At March 31, 2007, our outstanding number of miles was approximately 515 billion. The Company currently estimates that approximately 439 billion of these miles will ultimately be redeemed and, accordingly, has recorded deferred revenue of $3.8 billion. A hypothetical 1% change in the weighted-average ticket value or the outstanding number of miles would have approximately a $44 million effect on the liability.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142), the Company applies a fair value-based impairment test to the book value of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis and, if certain events or
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circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have been incurred, on an interim basis. An impairment charge could have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial position and results of operations in the period of recognition.
Upon the implementation of fresh-start reporting (see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Fresh-Start Reporting) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein) the Companys assets, liabilities and equity were valued at their respective fair values. The excess of reorganization value over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets and liabilities has been reflected as goodwill in the audited consolidated financial statements, incorporated by reference herein, on the Effective Date. As discussed in Note 7 (Segment Information) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, the entire goodwill amount of $2.7 billion at December 31, 2006 has been allocated to the mainline reportable segment. In addition, the adoption of fresh-start reporting resulted in the recognition of $2.2 billion of indefinite-lived intangible assets.
SFAS 142 requires that a two-step impairment test be performed on goodwill. In the first step, the Company compares the fair value of the reportable segment to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reportable segment exceeds the carrying value of the net assets of the reportable segment, goodwill is not impaired and the Company is not required to perform further testing. If the carrying value of the net assets of the reportable segment exceeds the fair value of the reportable segment, then the Company must perform the second step to determine the implied fair value of the goodwill and compare it to the carrying value of the goodwill. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, then the Company must record an impairment charge equal to such difference.
The Company assessed the fair value of its reportable segments considering both the market and income approaches. Under the market approach, the fair value of the reportable segment is based on quoted market prices and recent transaction values of peer companies. Under the income approach, the fair value of the reportable segment is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. The income approach is dependent on a number of factors including estimates of future capacity, passenger yield, traffic, operating costs, appropriate discount rates and other relevant factors.
The Company performed its annual impairment test for its goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets as of October 1, 2006. The Company did not identify any impairment in these assets as a result of this test. Subsequently, on April 30, 2007, the U.S. government and the EU signed a transatlantic aviation agreement to replace the existing bilateral arrangements between the U.S. Government and the 27 EU member states. The agreement will become effective at the end of March 2008. The agreement will authorize all U.S. and EU carriers to operate services between the United States and London Heathrow, thereby potentially adding new competition to Uniteds Heathrow operation, although Heathrow is currently subject to both slot and facility constraints which may practically limit the extent of new competition in the near term. This agreement does not provide for a reallocation of existing slots among carriers.
At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company had recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets of $255 million for its rights associated with certain Heathrow slots. The implementation of open skies may result in a future determination that these assets are impaired in whole or in part, or in a future determination that they should be reclassified as definite-lived assets with amortization expense recognized thereon. Such future determinations could result in material charges to earnings in those future periods. The Company will continue to closely monitor developments associated with the open skies agreement and assess the potential impacts of these developments on the Companys recorded intangible assets in accordance with GAAP.
Other Postretirement Benefit Accounting. The Company accounts for other postretirement benefits using Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106, Employers Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other than Pensions (SFAS 106) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, Employers
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Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plansan amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106 and 132(R) (SFAS 158). For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS 158, which requires the Company to recognize the difference between plan assets and obligations, or the plans funded status, in its audited consolidated financial statements. Under these accounting standards, other postretirement benefit expense is recognized on an accrual basis over employees approximate service periods and is generally calculated independently of funding decisions or requirements. The Company has not been required to pre-fund its current and future plan obligations resulting in a significant net obligation, as discussed below.
The fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2006 was $54 million for the other postretirement benefit plans. The benefit obligation was $2.1 billion for the other postretirement benefit plans at December 31, 2006. The difference between the plan assets and obligations has been recorded in the audited consolidated financial states of the Company, incorporated by reference herein, at December 31, 2006. Detailed information regarding the Companys other postretirement plans, including key assumptions, is included in Note 6 (Retirement and Postretirement Plans) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
The following provides a summary of the methodology to determine the assumptions used in Note 6 (Retirement and Postretirement Plans) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. The calculation of other postretirement benefit expense and obligations requires the use of a number of assumptions, including the assumed discount rate for measuring future payment obligations and the expected return on plan assets. The discount rates were based on the construction of theoretical bond portfolios, adjusted according to the timing of expected cash flows for the Companys future postretirement obligations. A yield curve was developed based on a subset of these bonds (those with yields between the 40th and 90th percentiles). The projected cash flows were matched to this yield curve and a present value developed, which was then calibrated to develop a single equivalent discount rate.
The expected return on plan assets is based on an evaluation of the historical behavior of the broad financial markets and the Companys investment portfolio, taking into consideration input from the plans investment consultant and actuary regarding expected long-term market conditions and investment management performance. The Company believes that the long-term asset allocation on average will approximate the targeted allocation and it regularly reviews the actual asset allocation to periodically rebalance the investments to the targeted allocation when appropriate. Other postretirement expense is reduced by the expected return on plan assets, which is measured by assuming that the market-related value of plan assets increases at the expected rate of return. The market-related value is a calculated value that phases in differences between the expected rate of return and the actual return over a period of five years.
Actuarial gains or losses are triggered by changes in assumptions or experience that differ from the original assumptions. Under the applicable accounting standards, those gains and losses are not required to be recognized currently as other postretirement expense, but instead may be deferred as part of accumulated other comprehensive income and amortized into expense over the average remaining service life of the covered active employees. At December 31, 2006, the Company had unrecognized actuarial gains of $120 million for the other postretirement benefit plans recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income.
Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets. The Company initially recorded a tax valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets in the third quarter of 2002. In recording the valuation allowance, management considered whether it was more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets would be realized. This analysis included consideration of scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, carry back potential and tax planning strategies, in accordance with SFAS 109. At December 31, 2006, our valuation allowance totaled $2.2 billion. See also Note 4 (Income Taxes) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional information.
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Income Taxes. During UALs evaluation of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, UAL identified a deficiency in its internal control over financial reporting associated with tax accounting which constituted a material weakness. While United was not required to evaluate its internal control as discussed in Item 9A.Controls and Procedures in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, the Company determined that the material weakness identified at UAL also exists at United. While the Company had appropriately designed control procedures, high staff turnover caused the Company to poorly execute those control procedures for evaluating and recording its current and deferred income tax provision and related deferred taxes balances. This control deficiency did not result in a material misstatement, but did result in adjustments to the deferred tax assets and liabilities, net operating losses, valuation allowance and footnote disclosures and could have resulted in a misstatement of current and deferred income taxes and related disclosures that would result in a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements. We have and are continuing to take steps to remediate this material weakness, including the hiring of several tax professionals, as well as implementing a more rigorous review process of tax accounting and disclosure matters. Additional review, evaluation and oversight have been undertaken to ensure our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, as a result, we have concluded that the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. See also Note 4 (Income Taxes) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional information.
New Accounting Pronouncements. For detailed information, see Note 2(p) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesNew Accounting Pronouncements) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate and Foreign Currency Exchange Rate RisksUniteds exposure to market risk associated with changes in interest rates relates primarily to its debt obligations and short-term investments. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments in its investment portfolio. Uniteds policy is to manage interest rate risk through a combination of fixed and floating rate debt and by entering into swap agreements, depending upon market conditions. A portion of Uniteds capital lease obligations ($537 million in equivalent U.S. dollars at December 31, 2006) is denominated in foreign currencies that expose us to risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates. To hedge against some of this risk, United has placed foreign currency deposits (primarily for euros) to meet foreign currency lease obligations denominated in those respective currencies. Since unrealized mark-to-market gains or losses on the foreign currency deposits are offset by the losses or gains on the foreign currency obligations, United reduces its overall exposure to foreign currency exchange rate volatility. The fair value of these deposits is determined based on the present value of future cash flows using an appropriate swap rate. The fair value of long-term debt is based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or the present value of future cash flows using a U.S. Treasury rate that matches the remaining life of the instrument, adjusted by a credit spread. The table below presents information as of December 31, 2006 about certain of the Companys financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest and exchange rates.
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Expected Maturity Dates | 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | Thereafter | Total | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash equivalents |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
$ | 3,779 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 3,779 | $ | 3,779 | |||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
5.32 | % | | | | | | 5.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Short term investments |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate |
$ | 308 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 308 | $ | 308 | |||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
5.32 | % | | | | | | 5.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Lease deposits |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rateEUR deposits |
$ | 74 | $ | 132 | $ | 22 | $ | 215 | $ | 14 | $ | | $ | 457 | $ | 454 | |||||||||||||||
Accrued interest |
13 | 22 | 2 | 23 | 4 | | 64 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
5.42 | % | 4.93 | % | 4.34 | % | 6.66 | % | 4.41 | % | | 6.56 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rateUSD deposits |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 11 | $ | | $ | | $ | 11 | $ | 19 | |||||||||||||||
Accrued interest |
| | | 7 | | | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
| | | 6.49 | % | | | 6.49 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
LONG-TERM DEBT |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U. S. Dollar denominated |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable rate debt |
$ | 182 | $ | 237 | $ | 211 | $ | 280 | $ | 205 | $ | 3,610 | $ | 4,725 | $ | 4,691 | |||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
6.69 | % | 6.19 | % | 6.61 | % | 6.05 | % | 6.74 | % | 8.45 | % | 7.97 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate debt |
$ | 532 | $ | 446 | $ | 547 | $ | 660 | $ | 631 | $ | 1,842 | $ | 4,658 | 4,815 | ||||||||||||||||
Avg. interest rate |
6.52 | % | 6.55 | % | 6.53 | % | 6.53 | % | 6.47 | % | 5.74 | % | 6.21 | % |
In addition to the cash equivalents and short-term investments included in the table above, the Company has $303 million of short-term restricted cash and $506 million of long-term restricted cash at December 31, 2006. As discussed in Note 2(d) (Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesCash and Cash Equivalents, Short-Term Investments and Restricted Cash) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, this cash is being held in restricted accounts for workers compensation obligations, security deposits for airport leases and reserves with institutions that process Uniteds credit card ticket sales. Due to the short term nature of these cash balances, the carrying values approximate the fair values. The Companys interest income is exposed to changes in interest rates on these cash balances.
In the first quarter of 2006, United entered into an interest rate swap whereby it fixed the rate of interest on $2.45 billion notional value of floating-rate debt at 5.14% plus a fixed credit margin. The swap had a fair value of negative $12 million at December 31, 2006. In January 2007, United terminated the swap. The termination value of the swap was negative $4 million due to an $8 million increase in fair value from December 31, 2006 to the termination date. See Note 11 (Financial Instruments and Risk ManagementInterest Rate Swap) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for additional information.
In February 2007, the Company completed a prepayment of a portion of its credit facility debt. This prepayment reduces the Companys variable rate debt maturities in the table above by $972 million ($10 million in each of 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 and $932 million thereafter). See Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Price Risk (Aircraft Fuel)When market conditions indicate risk reduction is achievable, the Company may use fuel option contracts or other derivative instruments to reduce its price risk exposure to jet fuel. The derivative instruments are designed to provide protection against increases in the price of aircraft fuel. The
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Company may change its hedging program based on changes in market conditions. At March 31, 2007, the fair value of the Companys fuel-related derivatives was $22 million as compared to a negative $2 million at December 31, 2006.
Foreign CurrencyUnited generates revenues and incurs expenses in numerous foreign currencies. Such expenses include fuel, aircraft leases, commissions, catering, personnel expense, advertising and distribution costs, customer service expenses and aircraft maintenance. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates impact the Companys results of operations through changes in the dollar value of foreign currency-denominated operating revenues and expenses.
Despite the adverse effects a strengthening foreign currency may have on demand for U.S.-originating traffic, a strengthening of foreign currencies tends to increase reported revenue and operating income because the Companys foreign currency-denominated operating revenue generally exceeds its foreign currency-denominated operating expense for each currency. Likewise, despite the favorable effects a weakening foreign currency may have on demand for U.S.-originating traffic, a weakening of foreign currencies tends to decrease reported revenue and operating income.
The Companys biggest net foreign currency exposures in 2006 were typically for the Canadian dollar, Chinese renminbi, Australian dollar, British pound, Korean won, European euro, Hong Kong dollar and Japanese yen. The table below sets forth the Companys net exposure to various currencies for 2006:
Operating revenue net of operating expense | |||||
Currency (In millions) |
Foreign Currency Value |
USD Value | |||
Canadian dollar |
278 | $ | 245 | ||
Chinese renminbi |
1,735 | 218 | |||
Australian dollar |
163 | 122 | |||
British pound |
54 | 98 | |||
Korean won |
93,521 | 98 | |||
European euro |
77 | 97 | |||
Hong Kong dollar |
737 | 95 | |||
Japanese yen |
8,459 | 72 |
At December 31, 2006, the Company did not have any foreign currency derivative instruments.
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United Air Lines was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on December 30, 1968. Corporate headquarters is located at 77 W. Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601 (telephone number (312) 997-8000).
United is the principal, wholly-owned subsidiary of UAL. Uniteds operations, which consist primarily of the transportation of persons, property, and mail throughout the U.S. and abroad, accounted for most of UALs revenues and expenses in 2006. United provides these services through its mainline operations, as well as smaller aircraft in its regional operations conducted under contract by United Express® carriers.
United is one of the largest passenger airlines in the world with more than 3,600 flights a day to more than 200 destinations through its mainline and United Express services. United offers approximately 1,550 average daily mainline (including Ted(SM)) departures to more than 120 destinations in 30 countries and two U.S. territories. United provides regional service, connecting primarily via Uniteds domestic hubs, through marketing relationships with United Express carriers, which provide more than 2,050 average daily departures to approximately 160 destinations. United serves virtually every major market around the world, either directly or through its participation in the Star Alliance®, the worlds largest airline network.
United offers services that the Company believes will allow it to generate a revenue premium by meeting distinct customer needs. This strategy of market segmentation is intended to optimize margins and costs by offering the right service to the right customer at the right time. These services include:
|
United mainline, including United First®, United Business® and Economy Plus®, the last providing three to five inches of extra legroom on all United mainline flights (including Ted), and on explus(SM) regional jet flights; |
| Ted, a low-fare service, now operates 56 aircraft and serves 20 airports with over 230 daily departures from all United hubs; |
|
p.s.(SM)a premium transcontinental service connecting New York with Los Angeles and San Francisco; and |
| United Express, with a total fleet of 289 aircraft operated by regional partners, including over 100 70-seat aircraft that offer explus, Uniteds premium regional service. |
The Company also generates significant revenue through its Mileage Plus, United Cargo (SM) and United Services. Mileage Plus contributed approximately $600 million to passenger and other revenue in 2006 and helps the Company attract and retain high-value customers. United Cargo generated $750 million in freight and mail revenue in 2006. United Services generated approximately $280 million in revenue in 2006 by utilizing downtime of otherwise under-utilized resources.
The Company believes its restructuring has made United competitive with network airline peers. In every year of the restructuring, beginning in 2003, the Company has improved its financial performance. The Companys 2006 financial results clearly demonstrate this progress despite an increase in the price of mainline fuel of over 160% since 2002. Since emerging from bankruptcy on February 1, 2006, the Company generated operating income of $511 million for the eleven months ended December 31, 2006. Mainline fuel expense in this period was $4.5 billion. These amounts compare to an operating loss of $2.8 billion and mainline fuel expense of $1.9 billion in 2002, the year the Company filed for bankruptcy as discussed below.
Managements goal is to further improve profit margins through continuous improvements to its core business across its operations by focusing on superior customer service, controlling unit costs and improving unit revenues by offering differentiated products and services and realizing revenue premiums. Having completed its
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reorganization and prepared a solid platform for growth, the Company is now building on its core competitive advantages, including strong brand recognition, its leading loyalty program and broad global airline network.
Bankruptcy Considerations
The following discussion provides general background information regarding the Companys Chapter 11 cases and is not intended to be an exhaustive summary. Detailed information pertaining to its bankruptcy filings may be obtained at www.pd-ual.com. The information contained on or connected to this website is not incorporated by reference into, and should not be considered part of, this prospectus supplement. See also Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
On the Petition Date, UAL, United, and 26 direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the Debtors) filed voluntary petitions to reorganize their businesses under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. On January 20, 2006, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Debtors Plan of Reorganization. The Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy protection on the Effective Date. On the Effective Date, United implemented fresh-start reporting in accordance with SOP 90-7.
The Plan of Reorganization generally provides for the full payment or reinstatement of allowed administrative claims, priority claims, and secured claims, and the distribution of new equity and debt securities to the Debtors creditors and employees in satisfaction of allowed unsecured and deemed claims. The Plan of Reorganization contemplates UAL issuing up to 125 million shares of common stock (out of the one billion shares of new common stock authorized under UALs certificate of incorporation). UALs new common stock was listed on the NASDAQ National Market and began trading under the symbol UAUA on February 2, 2006. Ultimately, distributions of UAL common stock, subject to certain holdbacks as described in the Plan of Reorganization, will be as follows:
| Approximately 115 million shares of UAL common stock to unsecured creditors and employees; |
| Up to 9.825 million shares of UAL common stock (or options or other rights to acquire shares) under the Management Equity Incentive Plan (MEIP) approved by the Bankruptcy Court; and |
| Up to 175,000 shares of UAL common stock (or options or other rights to acquire shares) under the Director Equity Incentive Plan (DEIP) approved by the Bankruptcy Court. |
The Plan of Reorganization also provides for the issuance of the securities described below. The following debt and preferred stock instruments, issued by UAL, have been pushed down to United and are reflected as debt and preferred stock as part of fresh-start reporting:
| 5 million shares of 2% mandatorily convertible preferred stock issued to the PBGC shortly after the Effective Date; |
| Approximately $150 million in aggregate principal amount of 5% senior convertible notes issued to holders of certain municipal bonds shortly after the Effective Date; |
| $726 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.5% senior limited-subordination convertible notes issued in July 2006 to certain irrevocable trusts established for the benefit of certain employees (the Limited-Subordination Notes); |
| $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 6% senior notes issued to the PBGC shortly after the Effective Date; and |
| $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 8% senior contingent notes (in up to eight equal tranches of $62.5 million) issuable to the PBGC upon the satisfaction of certain contingencies. |
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Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization, the Limited-Subordination Notes were required to be issued within 180 days of the Effective Date with a conversion price equal to 125% of the average closing price for the 60 consecutive trading days following February 1, 2006, and an interest rate established so the notes would trade at par upon issuance. In July 2006, UAL reached agreement with five of the seven eligible employee groups to modify the conversion price to instead be based upon the volume-weighted average price of the UAL common stock over the two trading days ending on July 25, 2006. This modification resulted in a new conversion price of $34.84, rather than of $46.86, which was the conversion price under the initial terms of the notes. Because the reduction in the conversion price resulted in a benefit to noteholders, UAL was able to issue the notes at an interest rate of 4.5%, which is a lower rate of interest than would have been required under the initial terms in order for the notes to trade at par upon issuance. UAL reached agreement with the two other employee groups to pay them cash totaling approximately $0.4 million rather than issuing additional notes of similar value. See Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein. On April 23, 2007, a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 was declared effective with respect to the Limited-Subordination Notes that enables holders thereof to resell such notes without transfer restrictions.
Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization, UAL common stock, preferred stock and Trust Originated Preferred Securities issued before the Petition Date were canceled on the Effective Date, and no distribution was made to holders of those securities.
On the Effective Date, the Company secured access to its $3.0 billion credit facility which consisted of a $2.45 billion term loan, a $350 million delayed draw term loan and a $200 million revolving credit line. On the Effective Date, the $2.45 billion term loan and the entire revolving credit line, consisting of $161 million in cash and $39 million of letters of credit, were drawn and used to repay the DIP Financing and to make other payments required upon exit from bankruptcy, as well as to provide ongoing liquidity to conduct post-reorganization operations. Subsequently, during the first quarter of 2006, the Company repaid the entire outstanding balance on the revolving credit line and accessed the $350 million delayed draw term loan. In February 2007, the Company prepaid $972 million of its credit facility debt and amended certain terms of the credit facility. For further details on the credit facility including the prepayment and related amended credit facility, see Note 9 (Debt Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Significant Matters Remaining to be Resolved in Bankruptcy Court. During the course of its Chapter 11 proceedings, the Company successfully reached settlements with most of its creditors and resolved most pending claims against the Debtors. However, certain significant matters remain to be resolved in the Bankruptcy Court. For details, see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Operations
Segments. United operates its businesses through two reporting segments: mainline and United Express. In 2006, in light of the Companys bankruptcy-related restructuring and organizational changes, management reevaluated the Companys segment reporting. As a result, the Company determined that the geographic regions and UAL Loyalty Services, LLC (ULS), which it previously reported as segments, were no longer segments requiring disclosure under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information (SFAS 131). United now manages its business as an integrated network with assets deployed across integrated mainline and regional carrier networks, whereas in the past the Company focused its business management decisions within specific geographic regions and services. This new focus on managing the business seeks to maximize the profitability of the overall airline network. The operations of ULS are included in mainline operations. See UAL Loyalty Services, LLC below for further information on
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its business activities. Financial information on Uniteds reportable segments, including restated segment information for 2005 and 2004, can be found in Note 7 (Segment Information) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
Mainline. Mainline operating revenues were $16.4 billion in 2006, $14.9 billion in 2005 and $14.5 billion in 2004. As of December 31, 2006, mainline domestic operations served 85 destinations primarily throughout the U.S. and Canada and operated hubs in Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Washington, D.C. Mainline international operations serve the Pacific, Atlantic, and Latin America regions. The Pacific region includes nonstop service to Beijing, Hong Kong, Nagoya, Osaka, Seoul, Shanghai, Sydney and Tokyo (with service to Taipei scheduled to commence in June 2007); direct service to Bangkok, Seoul, Singapore and Taipei via its Tokyo hub; direct service to Ho Chi Minh City and Singapore via Hong Kong, and to Melbourne via Sydney. The Atlantic region includes nonstop service to Amsterdam, Brussels, Frankfurt, London, Munich, Paris, Rome and Zurich. In 2006, United commenced service from Washington Dulles to Kuwait City as part of the Atlantic region. United also provides seasonal service to Bermuda. The Latin American region offers nonstop service to Buenos Aires and Sao Paulo and direct service to Montevideo (via Buenos Aires) and Rio de Janeiro (via Sao Paulo). The Latin American region also serves various Mexico destinations including Cancun, Mexico City, Puerto Vallarta, San Jose del Cabo, and Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo (seasonal); various Caribbean points including Aruba and seasonal service to Montego Bay, Nassau, Punta Cana, and St. Maarten; and Central America including Guatemala City, San Salvador and Liberia, Costa Rica (seasonal).
Operating revenues attributed to mainline domestic operations were $10.0 billion in 2006, $8.9 billion in 2005 and $9.1 billion in 2004. Operating revenues attributed to mainline international operations were $6.4 billion in 2006, $6.0 billion in 2005 and $5.3 billion in 2004. For purposes of the Companys geographic revenue reporting, the Company considers destinations in Mexico to be part of the Latin America region as opposed to the North America region. See Note 7 (Segment Information) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, for financial information on the mainline and United Express segments and operating revenues by geographic regions as reported to the DOT.
As of December 31, 2006, the mainline segment operated 460 aircraft and produced approximately 143 billion ASMs and 117 billion RPMs during 2006.
United Express. United Express operating revenues were $2.9 billion in 2006, $2.4 billion in 2005 and $1.9 billion in 2004. United has contractual relationships with various regional carriers to provide regional jet and turboprop service branded as United Express. United Express is an extension of the United mainline network (United, Ted and p.s.). SkyWest Airlines, Mesa Airlines, Colgan Airlines, Chautauqua Airlines, Shuttle America, Trans States Airlines and GoJet Airlines are all United Express carriers, most of which operate under capacity purchase agreements. Under these agreements, United pays the regional carriers contractually-agreed fees (carrier-controlled costs) for operating these flights plus a variable reimbursement (incentive payment) based on agreed performance metrics. The carrier-controlled costs are based on specific rates for various operating expenses of the United Express carriers, such as crew expenses, maintenance and aircraft ownership, some of which are multiplied by specific operating statistics (e.g., block hours, departures) while others are fixed monthly amounts. The incentive payment is a markup applied to the carrier-controlled costs for superior operational performance. Under these capacity agreements, United is responsible for all fuel costs incurred as well as landing fees, facilities rent and de-icing costs, which are passed through without any markup. In return, the regional carriers operate this capacity on schedules determined by United, which also determines pricing, revenues and inventory levels and assumes the inventory and distribution risk for the available seats.
The capacity agreements which United has entered into with United Express carriers do not include the provision of ground handling services. As a result, United Express sources ground handling support from a variety of third-party providers as well as by utilizing internal United resources in some cases.
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While the regional carriers operating under capacity purchase agreements comprise over 95% of United Express flying, the Company also has limited prorate agreements with SkyWest Airlines and Colgan Airlines. Under these prorate agreements, United and its prorate partners agree to divide revenue collected from each passenger according to a formula, while both United and the prorate partners are individually responsible for their own costs of operations. United also collects a program fee from Colgan Airlines to cover certain marketing and distribution costs such as credit card transaction fees, GDS transaction fees, and frequent flyer costs. Unlike capacity purchase agreements, these prorate agreements require the regional carrier to retain the control and risk of scheduling, market selection, seat pricing and inventory for its flights.
As of December 31, 2006, United Express carriers operated 290 aircraft and produced approximately 16 billion ASMs and 12 billion RPMs during 2006.
Ted. In February of 2004, United launched Ted in Denver to provide a tailored single-class service, including Economy Plus seating, to better serve leisure destinations in the United network. Currently 56 A320 aircraft are configured for Ted service. Ted provides service from Uniteds hubs in Denver, Washington Dulles, Chicago OHare International Airport (OHare), Los Angeles and San Francisco to destinations in Arizona, California, Florida, Louisiana, Nevada, Mexico and the Caribbean. As of December 31, 2006, Ted provided service from all of Uniteds hubs to 11 destinations in the U.S., including its territories, and four in Mexico.
United Cargo. United Cargo offers both domestic and international shipping through a variety of services including United Small Package Delivery, EXP (Express), and GEN (General) cargo services. Freight shipments comprise approximately 85% of United Cargos volumes, with mail comprising the remainder. During 2006, United Cargo accounted for approximately 4% of UALs operating revenues by generating $750 million in freight and mail revenue, a 3% increase versus 2005.
United Services. United Services is a global airline support business offering customers comprehensive solutions for their aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), aircraft ground handling and flight crew training. United Services brings nearly 80 years of experience to serve approximately 140 airline customers worldwide. MRO services account for approximately 75% of United Services revenue with ground handling and flight crew training accounting for the remainder. MRO revenue sources include engine maintenance, maintenance of high-tech components, line maintenance and landing gear maintenance. During 2006, United Services generated approximately $280 million in revenue, a 12% increase as compared to 2005.
Fuel. In 2006, fuel was the Companys largest operating expense. The Companys annual mainline and United Express fuel costs and consumption were as follows:
2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||
Mainline | United Express |
Mainline | United Express | |||||||||
Gallons consumed (in millions) |
2,290 | 373 | 2,250 | 353 | ||||||||
Average price per gallon, including tax and hedge impact |
$ | 2.11 | $ | 2.23 | $ | 1.79 | $ | 2.01 | ||||
Cost (in millions) |
$ | 4,824 | $ | 834 | $ | 4,032 | $ | 709 |
United Express fuel expense is classified as Regional affiliates expense in our audited financial statements incorporated by reference herein.
The price and availability of jet fuel significantly affect the Companys results of operations. A significant rise in jet fuel prices was the primary reason that the Companys fuel expense increased in each of the last two years. The Company expects to be able to offset some, but not all, of any future fuel expense increases through higher revenues and the use of fuel hedge contracts.
To ensure adequate supplies of fuel and to provide a measure of control over fuel costs, the Company arranges to have fuel shipped on major pipelines and stored close to its major hub locations. Although the
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Company currently does not anticipate a significant reduction in the availability of jet fuel, a number of factors make predicting fuel prices and fuel availability uncertain, including changes in world energy demand, geopolitical uncertainties affecting energy supplies from oil-producing nations, industrial accidents, threats of terrorism directed at oil supply infrastructure, extreme weather conditions causing temporary shutdowns of production and refining capacity, and changes in relative demand for other petroleum products that may impact the quantity and price of jet fuel produced from period to period.
Alliances. United has entered into a number of bilateral and multilateral alliances with other airlines, expanding travel choices for our customers through these relationships by participating in markets worldwide that United does not serve directly. These marketing alliances typically include one or more of the following features: joint frequent flyer program participation; code sharing of flight operations (whereby selected seats on one carriers flights can be marketed under the brand name of another carrier); coordination of reservations; ticketing; passenger check-in; baggage handling and flight schedules; and other resource-sharing activities.
The most significant of these arrangements is the Star Alliance, a global integrated airline network co-founded by United in 1997. As of February 1, 2007, Star Alliance carriers serve over 800 destinations in over 150 countries with over 14,000 average daily flights. Current Star Alliance partners, in addition to United, are Air Canada, Air New Zealand, All Nippon Airways, Asiana, the Austrian Airlines Group, bmi, LOT Polish Airlines, Lufthansa, SAS, Singapore Airways, South African Airways, Spanair, Swiss, TAP Portugal, Thai International Airways and US Airways.
In 2006, Star Alliance accepted the applications of Air China, Shanghai Airlines and Turkish Airlines to join the alliance. These airlines are in the process of completing their Star Alliance joining requirements.
United also has independent marketing agreements with other air carriers, not currently members of the Star Alliance, including Air China, Aloha, Gulfstream International, Great Lakes Airlines, TACA Group, Island Air, Shanghai Airlines and Virgin Blue.
Mileage Plus. Mileage Plus builds customer loyalty by offering awards and services to frequent travelers. Mileage Plus members can earn mileage credit for flights on United, United Express, Ted, members of the Star Alliance and certain other airlines that participate in the program. Miles also can be earned by purchasing the goods and services of our non-airline partners, such as hotels, car rental companies, and credit card issuers. Mileage credits can be redeemed for free, discounted or upgraded travel and non-travel awards. There are nearly 50 million members enrolled in Mileage Plus. For a detailed description of the accounting treatment of Mileage Plus program activity, which was changed to a deferred revenue model upon the adoption of fresh-start reporting on the Effective Date, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCritical Accounting Policies.
UAL Loyalty Services, LLC. UAL Loyalty Services, LLC (ULS) focuses on expanding the non-core marketing businesses of United and building airline customer loyalty. ULS operates substantially all United-branded travel distribution and customer loyalty e-commerce activities, such as united.com. In addition, ULS owns and operates Mileage Plus, being responsible for member relationships, communications and account management, while United is responsible for other aspects of Mileage Plus, including elite membership programs such as Global Services, Premier, Premier Executive and Premier Executive 1K, and the establishment of award mileage redemption programs and airline-related customer loyalty recognition policies. United is also responsible for managing relationships with its Mileage Plus airline partners, while ULS manages relationships with non-airline business partners, such as the Mileage Plus Visa Card, hotels, car rental companies and dining programs, among others.
Distribution Channels. The majority of Uniteds airline seat inventory continues to be distributed through the traditional channels of travel agencies and GDS, such as Sabre and Galileo. The growing use of alternative distribution systems, including the Companys website and GDS new entrants, however, provides United with an opportunity to lower its ticket distribution costs. To encourage customer use of lower-cost channels and
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capitalize on these cost-saving opportunities, the Company will continue to expand the capabilities of its website, united.com, and it guarantees the availability of the lowest prices on united.com. Information contained on the Companys website is not part of, and is not incorporated in, this Prospectus Supplement.
Industry Conditions
Seasonality. The air travel business is subject to seasonal fluctuations. The Companys operations can be adversely impacted by severe weather and the first and fourth quarter results of operations normally reflect lower travel demand. Historically, results of operations are better in the second and third quarters which reflect higher levels of travel demand.
Domestic Competition. The domestic airline industry is highly competitive and dynamic. In domestic markets, new and existing carriers are generally free to initiate service between any two points within the U.S. Uniteds competitors consist primarily of other airlines, a number of whom are LCCs with lower-cost structures than Uniteds, and to a lesser extent, other forms of transportation.
About 82% of Uniteds domestic revenue is now exposed to LCC competition. In 2006 and early 2007, Southwest Airlines, JetBlue Airways and other LCCs have initiated new service or expanded their service from certain of Uniteds hub cities. United has experience competing directly with LCCs in its markets and believes it is well positioned to compete effectively.
Domestic pricing decisions are largely affected by the need to meet competition from other U.S. airlines. Fare discounting by competitors has historically had a negative effect on the Companys financial results because United often finds it necessary to match competitors fares to maintain passenger traffic.
Attempts by United and other network airlines to raise fares often fail due to lack of competitive matching by LCCs; however, because of the pressure of higher fuel prices and other industry conditions, some fare increases have occurred. Because of different cost structures, low ticket prices that generate a profit for a LCC have usually had a negative effect on the Companys financial results.
International Competition. In Uniteds international networks, the Company competes not only with U.S. airlines, but also with foreign carriers. Competition on specified international routes is subject to varying degrees of governmental regulations. See Industry Regulation, below. As the U.S. is the largest market for air travel worldwide, Uniteds ability to generate U.S. originating traffic from its integrated domestic route systems provides United with an advantage over non-U.S. carriers. Foreign carriers are prohibited by U.S. law from carrying local passengers between two points in the U.S. and United experiences comparable restrictions in foreign countries. In addition, U.S. carriers are often constrained from carrying passengers to points beyond designated international gateway cities due to limitations in air service agreements or restrictions imposed unilaterally by foreign governments. To compensate for these structural limitations, U.S. and foreign carriers have entered into alliances and marketing arrangements that allow these carriers to feed traffic to each others flights (see Alliances for further details).
Insurance. United carries hull and liability insurance of a type customary in the air transportation industry, in amounts that the Company deems appropriate, covering passenger liability, public liability and damage to Uniteds aircraft and other physical property. United also maintains other types of insurance such as property, directors and officers, cargo, automobile and the like, with limits and deductibles that are standard within the industry. Since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the Companys insurance premiums have increased significantly. Additionally, after September 11, 2001, commercial insurers canceled Uniteds liability insurance for losses resulting from war and associated perils (terrorism, sabotage, hijacking and other similar events). The U.S. government subsequently agreed to provide commercial war-risk insurance for U.S. based airlines until August 31, 2007 covering losses to employees, passengers, third parties and aircraft. The Secretary of Transportation may extend this coverage until December 31, 2007. If the U.S. government does not extend this coverage beyond August 31, 2007, obtaining comparable coverage from commercial underwriters could result in substantially higher premiums and more restrictive terms, if it is available at all. See Risk FactorsRisks
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Related to the BusinessIncreases in insurance costs or reductions in insurance coverage may adversely impact the Companys operations and financial results.
Industry Regulation
Domestic Regulation.
General. All carriers engaged in air transportation in the United States are subject to regulation by the DOT. Among its responsibilities, the DOT issues certificates of public convenience and necessity for domestic air transportation (no air carrier, unless exempted, may provide air transportation without a DOT certificate of public convenience and necessity), grants international route authorities, approves international code share agreements, regulates methods of competition and enforces certain consumer protection regulations, such as those dealing with advertising, denied boarding compensation and baggage liability.
Airlines also are regulated by the FAA primarily in the areas of flight operations, maintenance and other safety and technical matters. The FAA has authority to issue air carrier operating certificates and aircraft airworthiness certificates, prescribe maintenance procedures, and regulate pilot and other employee training, among other responsibilities. From time to time, the FAA issues rules that require air carriers to take certain actions, such as the inspection or modification of aircraft and other equipment, that may cause the Company to incur substantial, unplanned expenses. The airline industry is also subject to various other federal, state and local laws and regulations. The DHS has jurisdiction over virtually all aspects of civil aviation security. See Legislation. The U.S. Department of Justice has jurisdiction over certain airline competition matters. The U.S. Postal Service has authority over certain aspects of the transportation of mail. Labor relations in the airline industry are generally governed by the RLA. The Company is also subject to inquiries by the DOT, FAA and other U.S. and international regulatory bodies.
Airport Access. Access to landing and take-off rights, or slots, at several major U.S. airports and many foreign airports served by United are, or recently have been, subject to government regulation. The FAA designated John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in New York, LaGuardia Airport (LaGuardia) in New York and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in Washington, D.C. as high density traffic airports and has limited the number of departure and arrival slots at those airports. Slot restrictions at OHare were eliminated in July 2002 and were eliminated at JFK and LaGuardia in January 2007. From time to time, the elimination of slot restrictions has impacted Uniteds operational performance and reliability.
Notwithstanding the formal elimination of slot restrictions at OHare in July 2002, the FAA imposed temporary restrictions on flight operations there beginning in 2004 to address air traffic congestion concerns. In August 2006, the FAA issued a longer-term rule restricting flight operations at OHare, which remains in effect until 2008.
At LaGuardia, the FAA has proposed an interim rule that would impose caps and restrictions on flight operations similar to those in effect at OHare. The interim rule took effect in January 2007 when the high density rule expired. The FAA has also proposed a longer-term rule at LaGuardia that is designed to control air traffic congestion there indefinitely. The longer-term proposal contains several novel elements that could impact Uniteds schedule and operational performance at LaGuardia. It is not possible to predict whether or when such longer-term rules might take effect.
Legislation. The airline industry is also subject to legislative activity that can have an impact on operations and costs. Specifically, the law that authorizes federal excise taxes and fees assessed on airline tickets expires in September 2007. In 2007, Congress will attempt to pass comprehensive reauthorization legislation to impose a new funding structure and make other changes to FAA operations. Past aviation reauthorization bills have affected a wide range of areas of interest to the industry, including air traffic control operations, capacity control issues, airline competition issues, aircraft and airport technology requirements, safety issues, taxes, fees and other funding sources.
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Additionally, since September 11, 2001, aviation security has been and continues to be a subject of frequent legislative action, requiring changes to our security processes and increasing the cost of security procedures for the Company. The Aviation Security Act has had wide-ranging effects on our operations. The Aviation Security Act made the federal government responsible for virtually all aspects of civil aviation security, creating the new TSA, which is a part of the DHS pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002. Under the Aviation Security Act, substantially all security screeners at airports are now federal employees and significant other aspects of airline and airport security are now overseen by the TSA. Pursuant to the Aviation Security Act, funding for airline and airport security is provided in part by a passenger security fee of $2.50 per flight segment (capped at $10.00 per round trip), which is collected by the air carriers from passengers and remitted to the government. In addition, air carriers are required to submit to the government an additional security fee equal to the amount each air carrier paid for security screening of passengers and property in 2000. Congress is expected to continue to focus on changes to aviation security law and requirements in 2007. Particular areas of attention that could result in increased costs for air carriers will likely include new requirements on cargo screening, possible deployment of antimissile technology on passenger aircraft and potential for increased passenger and carrier security fees.
International Regulation.
General. International air transportation is subject to extensive government regulation. In connection with Uniteds international services, the Company is regulated by both the U.S. government and the governments of the foreign countries United serves. In addition, the availability of international routes to U.S. carriers is regulated by treaties and related aviation agreements between the U.S. and foreign governments, and in some cases, fares and schedules require the approval of the DOT and/or the relevant foreign governments.
Airport Access. Historically, access to foreign markets has been tightly controlled through bilateral agreements between the U.S. and each foreign country involved. These agreements regulate the number of markets served, the number of carriers allowed to serve each market, and the frequency of carriers flights. Since the early 1990s, the U.S. has pursued a policy of open skies (meaning all carriers have access to the destination), under which the U.S. government has negotiated a number of bilateral agreements allowing unrestricted access to foreign markets. Additionally, all of the airports that United serves in Europe and Asia maintain slot controls, and many of these are restrictive due to congestion at these airports. London Heathrow, Frankfurt and Tokyo Narita are among the most restrictive due to capacity limitations, and United has significant operations at these locations.
Further, Uniteds ability to serve some countries and expand into certain others is limited by the absence altogether of aviation agreements between the U.S. and the relevant governments. Shifts in U.S. or foreign government aviation policies can lead to the alteration or termination of air service agreements between the U.S. and other countries. Depending on the nature of the change, the value of Uniteds route authorities may be materially enhanced or diminished.
The United States government and the EU recently signed a transatlantic aviation agreement to replace the existing bilateral arrangements between the United States government and the 27 EU member states. The agreement will become effective at the end of March 2008. The agreement is based on the United States open skies model and authorizes United States airlines to operate between the United States and any point in the EU and beyond, free from government restrictions on capacity, frequencies and schedule and provides EU carriers with reciprocal rights in these United States/EU markets. Currently, only 16 of the 27 EU member states have open skies agreements with the United States. The agreement also authorizes all United States and EU carriers to operate services between the United States and London Heathrow, thereby potentially adding new competition to Uniteds Heathrow operation, although Heathrow is currently subject to both slot and facility constraints which may practically limit the extent of new competition in the near term. This agreement does not provide for a reallocation of existing slots among carriers.
The agreement confers a number of additional rights on EU carriers that are designed to redress what the EU considers to be an imbalance between U.S. carrier access to the intra-EU market versus EU carrier access to the
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U.S. domestic market. In particular, EU ownership of more than 50 percent of a U.S. carriers equity will not be presumed to violate the actual control by U.S. citizens requirement, provided foreign ownership of the voting equity of the U.S. carrier does not exceed the statutory limit of 25 percent. U.S. ownership of EU carriers is subject to two conditions: majority ownership of the carrier by member states or EU nationals and effective control of the carrier by such states or nationals. Also, the EU and its member states may enact legislation restricting U.S. ownership of the voting equity of EU airlines to a level equivalent to that allowed by the U.S. for foreign nationals. The agreement also provides EU passenger carriers with the right to operate between the U.S. and a limited number of non-EU countries and does not provide reciprocal rights to U.S. carriers. It is uncertain at this early stage what commercial effects these provisions may have.
The agreement commits the two parties to second stage negotiations and allows either party to suspend certain parts of the agreement if the parties do not conclude a second-stage agreement by mid-2010. It is too early to predict the effect, if any, of this suspension provision.
The EU Commission has or is expected to propose important new legislation by the end of 2007 that will also impact the Company. New proposed legislation may officially sanction secondary slot trading, which is a current practice among carriers that involves the sale, purchase or lease of slots. If adopted, that legislation should resolve disputes about the legality of slot exchanges at EU airports and permit carriers to continue with this longstanding practice. In addition, on December 20, 2006, the EU Commission proposed legislation to include aviation within the EUs existing emissions trading scheme. If adopted, such a measure could add significantly to the costs of operating in Europe. The precise cost to United will depend upon the terms of the legislation enacted, which would determine whether United will be forced to buy emission allowances and the cost at which these allowances may be obtained.
Pursuant to an agreement reached in December 2005, a full open skies agreement between the United States and Canada became effective on March 12, 2007. This agreement provides United and Air Canada with expanded antitrust immunity beyond their previous transborder region. In addition, the DOT finalization in March 2007 of its tentative decision from December 2006 resulted in the approval of Uniteds proposed 9-party antitrust immunity application (including United, Air Canada, Lufthasa, SAS, Austrian, Swiss, LOT, TAP and bmi).
Environmental Regulation.
The airline industry is subject to increasingly stringent federal, state, local, and foreign environmental laws and regulations concerning emissions to the air, discharges to surface and subsurface waters, safe drinking water, and the management of hazardous substances, oils, and waste materials. New regulations surrounding the emission of greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) are being considered for promulgation both internationally and within the United States. United will be carefully evaluating the potential impact of such proposed regulations. Other areas of developing regulations include the State of California rule-makings regarding air emissions from ground support equipment and a federal rule-making concerning the discharge of deicing fluid. The airline industry is also subject to other environmental laws and regulations, including those that require the Company to remediate soil or groundwater to meet certain objectives. Compliance with all environmental laws and regulations can require significant expenditures. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, commonly known as Superfund, and similar environmental cleanup laws, generators of waste materials, and owners or operators of facilities, can be subject to liability for investigation and remediation costs at locations that have been identified as requiring response actions. The Company also conducts voluntary environmental assessment and remediation actions. Environmental cleanup obligations can arise from, among other circumstances, the operation of aircraft fueling facilities, and primarily involve airport sites. Future costs associated with these activities are currently not expected to have a material adverse affect on the Companys business.
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Employees
As of December 31, 2006, the Company and its subsidiaries had approximately 55,000 active employees, of whom approximately 81% were represented by various U.S. labor organizations.
As of December 31, 2006, the employee groups, number of employees and labor organization for each of Uniteds collective bargaining groups were as follows:
Employee Group |
Number of Employees |
Union(1) | Contract Open for Amendment | |||
Public Contact/Ramp & Stores/Food Service Employees/Security Officers/Maintenance Instructors/Fleet Technical Instructors |
17,203 | IAM | January 1, 2010 | |||
Flight Attendants |
14,920 | AFA | January 8, 2010 | |||
Pilots |
6,439 | ALPA | January 1, 2010 | |||
Mechanics & Related |
5,524 | AMFA | January 1, 2010 | |||
Engineers |
255 | IFPTE | January 1, 2010 | |||
Dispatchers |
167 | PAFCA | January 1, 2010 |
(1) | International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM), Association of Flight AttendantsCommunication Workers of America (AFA), Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA), Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association (AMFA), International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers (IFPTE) and Professional Airline Flight Control Association (PAFCA). |
CBAs are negotiated under the RLA, which governs labor relations in the air transportation industry, and such agreements typically do not contain an expiration date. Instead, they specify an amendable date, upon which the contract is considered open for amendment. Before the amendable date, neither party is required to agree to modifications to the bargaining agreement. Nevertheless, nothing prevents the parties from agreeing to start negotiations or to modify the agreement in advance of the amendable date. Contracts remain in effect while new agreements are negotiated. During the negotiating period, both the Company and the negotiating union are required to maintain the status quo.
Properties
Flight Equipment
Details of Uniteds mainline operating fleet as of December 31, 2006 are provided in the following table:
Aircraft Type |
Average No. of Seats |
Owned | Leased | Total | Average Age (Years) | |||||
A319100 |
120 | 33 | 22 | 55 | 7 | |||||
A320200 |
148 | 42 | 55 | 97 | 9 | |||||
B737300 |
123 | 15 | 49 | 64 | 18 | |||||
B737500 |
108 | 29 | 1 | 30 | 15 | |||||
B747400 |
347 | 18 | 12 | 30 | 11 | |||||
B757200 |
172 | 45 | 52 | 97 | 15 | |||||
B767300 |
213 | 17 | 18 | 35 | 12 | |||||
B777200 |
267 | 46 | 6 | 52 | 8 | |||||
Total Operating Fleet |
245 | 215 | 460 | 12 | ||||||
As of December 31, 2006, all of the aircraft owned by United were encumbered under debt agreements. The amendment of the credit facility, creating the amended credit facility on February 2, 2007, enabled the Company to remove 101 aircraft from the amended credit facility collateral pool. For additional information on aircraft financings see Note 9 (Debt Obligations) and Note 13 (Lease Obligations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein.
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Ground Facilities
United has entered into various leases relating to its use of airport landing areas, gates, hangar sites, terminal buildings and other airport facilities in most of the municipalities it serves. These leases were subject to assumption or rejection under the Chapter 11 process. As of December 31, 2006, United had assumed major facility leases in Washington (Dulles and Reagan), Denver (terminal lease only), San Francisco, Newark (terminal lease only), Austin, Cleveland, Columbus, Detroit (terminal lease only), Las Vegas, Oakland, Portland, Fort Meyers (fuel system lease only), Orange County and Tucson. Major facility leases expire at San Francisco in 2011 and 2013, Washington Dulles in 2014, Chicago OHare in 2018, Los Angeles in 2021 and Denver in 2025.
The Company owns a 66.5-acre complex in suburban Chicago consisting of more than 1 million square feet of office space for its former world headquarters, a computer facility and a training center. United also owns a flight training center, located in Denver, which accommodates 36 flight simulators and more than 90 computer-based training stations. The Company owns a limited number of other properties, including a reservations facility in Denver and a crew hotel in Honolulu. All of these facilities are mortgaged.
In March 2007, the Company moved approximately 350 management employees, including its senior management, to its new headquarters in downtown Chicago. The Companys new corporate headquarters is located at 77 West Wacker Drive, where the Company leases approximately 137,000 square feet of office space. The Companys former world headquarters, located in suburban Elk Grove Township, has become the Operations Center. Consistent with the Companys goals of achieving additional cost savings and operational efficiencies, the Company will relocate employees from several of its other suburban Chicago facilities into the new Operations Center.
The Companys Maintenance Operation Center at San Francisco International Airport occupies 130 acres of land, 2.9 million square feet of floor space and 9 aircraft hangar bays under a lease expiring in 2013.
Uniteds off-airport leased properties historically included a number of ticketing, sales and general office facilities in the downtown and suburban areas of most of the larger cities within the United system. As part of the Companys restructuring and cost containment efforts, United closed, terminated or rejected all of its former domestic city ticket office leases. United continues to lease and operate a number of administrative, reservations, sales and other support facilities worldwide. United also continues to evaluate opportunities to reduce space requirements at its airports and off-airport locations.
Legal Proceedings
In re: UAL Corporation, et. al.
As discussed above, on the Petition Date the Debtors filed voluntary petitions to reorganize their businesses under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. On October 20, 2005, the Debtors filed the Debtors First Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization Pursuant to Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code and the Disclosure Statement. The Bankruptcy Court approved the Disclosure Statement on October 21, 2005.
Commencing on October 27, 2005, the Disclosure Statement, ballots for voting to accept or reject the proposed plan of reorganization and other solicitation documents were distributed to all classes of creditors eligible to vote on the proposed plan of reorganization. After a hearing on confirmation, on January 20, 2006, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan of Reorganization. The Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy protection on the Effective Date.
Numerous pre-petition claims still await resolution in the Bankruptcy Court due to the Companys objections to either the existence of liability or the amount of the claim. The process of determining whether liability exists and liquidating the amounts due is likely to continue through 2007. Additionally, certain significant matters remain to be resolved in the Bankruptcy Court. For details see Note 1 (Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11Bankruptcy Considerations) under Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006, incorporated by reference herein, and Note 2 (Voluntary
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Reorganization Under Chapter 11) under Item 1.Financial Statements in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2007, incorporated by reference herein.
Air Cargo/Passenger Surcharge Investigations
In February 2006, the European Commission and the U.S. Department of Justice commenced an international investigation into what government officials describe as a possible price fixing conspiracy relating to certain surcharges included in tariffs for carrying air cargo. In June 2006, United received a subpoena from the U.S. Department of Justice requesting information related to certain passenger pricing practices and surcharges applicable to international passenger routes. The Company is cooperating fully. United is considered a source of information for the investigation, not a target. Separately, in April 2007, United received two information requests from the competition authorities of the European Union regarding these cargo pricing matters. In addition to the U.S. federal grand jury investigation, United and other air cargo carriers have been named as defendants in over ninety class action lawsuits alleging civil damages as a result of the purported air cargo pricing conspiracy. Those lawsuits have been consolidated for pretrial activities in the United States Federal Court for the Eastern District of New York. United has entered into an agreement with the majority of the private plaintiffs to dismiss United from the class action lawsuits in return for an agreement to cooperate with the plaintiffs factual investigation. More than fifty additional putative class actions have also been filed alleging violations of the antitrust laws with respect to passenger pricing practices. Those lawsuits have been consolidated for pretrial activities in the United States Federal Court for the Northern District of California (Federal Court). United has entered a settlement agreement with a number of the plaintiffs in the passenger pricing cases to dismiss United from the class action lawsuits in return for an agreement to cooperate with the plaintiffs factual investigation. The settlement agreement is subject to review and approval by the Federal Court. Penalties for violating competition laws can be severe, involving both criminal and civil liability. The Company is cooperating with the grand jury investigations while carrying out its own internal review of its pricing practices and is not in a position to evaluate the potential financial impact of this litigation at this time. However, a finding that the Company violated either U.S. antitrust laws or the competition laws of some other jurisdiction could have a material adverse impact on the Company.
Summers v. UAL Corporation ESOP, et. al.
Certain participants in the UAL Corporation Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) sued the ESOP, the ESOP Committee and State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street) in the District Court in February 2003 seeking monetary damages in a purported class action that alleges that the ESOP Committee breached its fiduciary duty by not selling UAL stock held by the ESOP commencing as of July 19, 2001. The ESOP Committee appointed State Street in September 2002 to act as investment manager and fiduciary to manage the assets of the ESOP itself. In August 2005, a proposed settlement was reached between the plaintiffs and the ESOP Committee defendants. The agreed upon settlement amount is to be paid out of the $5.2 million in insurance proceeds remaining after deducting legal fees. State Street objected to the agreement during the required fairness hearing before the District Court. The Court nevertheless approved the settlement in October 2005, but also granted State Streets motion for summary judgment, dismissing the underlying claims. Both sides appealed from the District Courts decision, and as a result, no settlement funds have been disbursed pending a ruling on appeal. In June 2006, the Court of Appeals affirmed the lower courts ruling dismissing the claims against State Street and in effect rendering State Streets challenge to the settlement agreement moot. Both parties requested the Supreme Court to review the decision of the Court of Appeals. On February 20, 2007, the Supreme Court declined both parties requests to review the Court of Appeals decision, bringing this dispute to a final conclusion and foreclosing any potential claim for indemnity against the Company.
Litigation Associated with September 11 Terrorism
Families of 94 victims of the September 11 terrorist attacks filed lawsuits asserting a variety of claims against the airline industry. United and American Airlines, as the two carriers whose flights were hijacked, are
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the central focus of the litigation, but a variety of additional parties have been sued on a number of legal theories ranging from collective responsibility for airport screening and security systems that allegedly failed to prevent the attacks to faulty design and construction of the World Trade Center towers. In excess of 97% of the families of the deceased victims received awards from the September 11th Victims Compensation Fund of 2001, which was established by the federal government, and consequently are now barred from making further claims against the airlines. World Trade Center Properties, Inc. and The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey have filed cross-claims in the wrongful death litigation against all of the aviation defendants as owners of the World Trade Center property for property damage sustained in the attacks. The insurers of various tenants at the World Trade Center have filed subrogation claims for damages as well. In the aggregate, September 11 claims are estimated to be well in excess of $10 billion. By statute, these matters were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, and airline exposure was capped at the limit of the liability coverage maintained by each carrier at the time of the attacks. In the personal injury and wrongful death matters, settlement discussions continue and the parties have reached settlements in several matters. The Company anticipates that any liability it may face arising from the events of September 11, 2001 could be significant, but will be subject to the statutory limitation to the amount of its insurance coverage.
Environmental Proceedings
In accordance with an order issued by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board in June 1999, United, along with most of the other tenants of the San Francisco International Airport, has been investigating potential environmental contamination at the airport (geographically including Uniteds San Francisco maintenance center) and conducting monitoring and/or remediation when needed. Uniteds projected costs associated with this order were significantly reduced in 2006; therefore, the Company does not consider this to be a material proceeding.
United recently completed negotiations with the Bay Area Air Quality Management District regarding notices of violations received at its San Francisco maintenance center and payment of associated penalties. Payment of associated penalties, which were not material, was made in March 2007.
Internal Revenue Service Matter
In 1999, UAL and United entered into a restructuring of Uniteds risk management function for retiree medical benefits in an attempt to control the spiraling costs of medical care. As part of the redesign of this function, United partnered with Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois-Health Care Service Corporation. Upon audit of UALs consolidated 1999 federal income tax return, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) took the position that this restructuring was the same as, or substantially similar to, a listed tax shelter transaction. The IRS proposed a penalty for gross valuation misstatement under Section 6662(h)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code in the amount of approximately $16 million. The settlement of the issue resulted in a penalty payment by United in 2006 in the amount of approximately $2 million.
Other Legal Proceedings
UAL and United are involved in various other claims and legal actions involving passengers, customers, suppliers, employees and government agencies arising in the ordinary course of business. Additionally, from time to time, the Company becomes aware of potential non-compliance with applicable environmental regulations, which has either been identified by the Company (through internal compliance programs such as its environmental compliance audits) or through notice from a governmental entity. In some instances, these matters could potentially become the subject of an administrative or judicial proceeding and could potentially involve monetary sanctions. After considering a number of factors, including (but not limited to) the views of legal counsel, the nature of contingencies to which the Company is subject and prior experience, management believes that the ultimate disposition of these contingencies will not materially affect its consolidated financial position or results of operations.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Transactions with Related Persons
The Company determined in late 2004 that it would be necessary to terminate and replace all of its domestic defined benefit pension plans. To this end, in April 2005, United entered into a global settlement agreement with the PBGC which provides for the settlement and compromise of various disputes and controversies with respect to four defined benefit pension plans of United, including (i) the Pilot Plan, (ii) the United Airlines Flight Attendant Defined Benefit Plan (the Flight Attendant Plan), (iii) the United Airlines, Inc. Ground Employees Retirement Plan (the Ground Plan) and (iv) the United Airlines Management, Administrative and Public Contact Defined Benefit Pension Plan (the MAPC Plan) (collectively, the Pension Plans). In May 2005, the Bankruptcy Court approved the settlement agreement, including modifications requested by certain creditors.
In accordance with the global settlement agreement, UAL provided in its confirmed Plan of Reorganization for the distribution of the following consideration to the PBGC:
| $500 million in principal amount of 6% senior unsecured notes to be issued to the PBGC no later than the effective date of the Plan of Reorganization, February 1, 2006; maturing 25 years from issuance date; with interest payable in kind (notes or common stock) through 2011 (and thereafter in cash) in semi-annual installments; and being callable at any time at 100% of par value. |
| 5,000,000 shares of 2% convertible preferred stock to be issued to the PBGC no later than February 1, 2006, at a liquidation value of $100 per share, convertible at any time following the second anniversary of the issuance date into common stock of the reorganized Company at a conversion price equal to 125% of the average closing price of the common stock during the first 60 trading days following exit from bankruptcy; with dividends payable in kind semi-annually; the preferred stock will rank pari passu with all current and future UAL or United preferred stock; will be redeemable at any time at $100 par value at the option of the issuer; and will be non-transferable until two years after the issuance date. |
| $500 million in principal amount of 8% senior unsecured notes contingently issuable to the PBGC in up to eight equal tranches of $62.5 million (with no more than two tranches issued on a single date), no later than 45 days following the end of any fiscal year starting with the fiscal year 2009 and ending with the fiscal year 2017 in which there is an issuance trigger date. An issuance trigger date occurs when, among other things, the Companys earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and aircraft rent (EBITDAR) exceeds $3.5 billion over the prior twelve months ending June 30 or December 31 of any applicable fiscal year. However, if the issuance of a tranche would cause a default under any other securities then existing, the Company may satisfy its obligations with respect to such tranche by issuing common stock having a market value equal to $62.5 million. Each issued tranche will mature 15 years from its respective issuance date; with interest payable in cash in semi-annual installments; and will be callable at any time at 100% of par value. |
Upon termination and settlement of the Pension Plans, the Company recognized non-cash curtailment charges of $640 million and $152 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively, and net settlement losses of approximately $1.1 billion in 2005 in accordance with SFAS No. 88, Employers Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for Termination Benefits (SFAS 88). Further, the Company recognized a non-cash charge of $7.2 billion related to a final settlement with the PBGC as a result of the termination of the defined benefit pension plans.
Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons
The Board of Directors of UAL has recognized that transactions with certain related persons present a heightened risk of conflicts of interest and has adopted a written policy for the review and approval of any Related Party Transactions (as defined below). It is the policy of UAL not to enter into any Related Party Transaction unless the UAL Audit Committee (or in instances in which it is not practicable to wait until the next
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UAL Audit Committee meeting, the Chair of the UAL Audit Committee) approves the transaction or the transaction is approved by a majority of UALs disinterested directors. In reviewing a proposed transaction, the UAL Audit Committee must (i) satisfy itself that it has been fully informed as to the Related Partys relationship and interest and as to the material facts of the proposed transaction and (ii) consider all of the relevant facts and circumstances available to the UAL Audit Committee. After its review, the UAL Audit Committee will only approve or ratify transactions that are fair to UAL and not inconsistent with the best interests of UAL and its stockholders.
As set forth in the policy, a Related Party Transaction is a transaction or series of related transactions involving a Related Party that had, has, or will have a direct or indirect material interest and in which UAL is participant, other than:
| a transaction with a Related Party involving less than $120,000; |
| a transaction involving compensation of directors otherwise approved by the UAL Board of Directors or an authorized committee of the Board; |
| a transaction involving compensation of an executive officer or involving an employment agreement, severance arrangement, change in control provision or agreement or special supplemental benefit of an executive officer otherwise approved by the UAL Board or an authorized committee of the Board; |
| a transaction available to all employees generally or to all salaried employees generally; |
| a transaction involving services as a bank depositary of funds, transfer agent, registrar, trustee under a trust indenture, or similar services; |
| a transaction in which the interest of the Related Party arises solely from the ownership of a class of UALs equity securities and all holders of that class receive the same benefit on a pro rata basis; or |
| a transaction in which the rates or charges involved therein are determined by competitive bids, or a transaction that involves the rendering of services as a common or contract carrier, or public utility, at rates or charges fixed in conformity with law or governmental authority. |
For purposes of this definition, Related Party includes (i) an executive officer or director of UAL, (ii) a nominee for director of UAL, (iii) a 5% shareholder of UAL, (iv) an individual who is an immediate family member of an executive officer, director, nominee for director or 5% shareholder of UAL or (v) an entity that is owned or controlled by a person listed in (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above or in which any such person serves as an executive officer or general partner or, together with all other persons specified in (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above, owns 5% or more of the equity interests thereof.
Director Independence
None of the Companys directors are independent as defined by the listing standards of the NASDAQ Global Select Market.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE CERTIFICATES
The following summary describes certain terms of the certificates and the pass through trust agreements but does not purport to be complete. This summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to all of the provisions of the basic pass through trust agreement, the trust supplements, Participation Agreements, Indentures, Note Purchase Agreement, Liquidity Facilities and the Intercreditor Agreement, each of which we will file as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC after completion of this offering.
Except as otherwise indicated, the following summary relates to each of the pass through trusts and the certificates issued by each pass through trust. The terms and conditions governing each of the pass through trusts will be substantially the same, except as described below and except that the principal amount and scheduled principal repayments of the Equipment Notes held by each pass through trust and the interest rate and maturity date of the Equipment Notes held by each of the Class A Trust, Class B Trust and the Class C Trust and the Final Expected Regular Distribution Date for each pass through trust may differ.
The references to sections in parentheses in the following summary are to the relevant sections of the Basic Agreement unless otherwise indicated.
Upon request, copies of the Basic Agreement and pass through trust supplements will be furnished to any prospective investor in the certificates. Requests for such agreements should be addressed to the Trustees.
General
Each certificate will represent a fractional undivided interest in one of the three United Air Lines 2007-1 pass through trusts (the Class A Trust, the Class B Trust and the Class C Trust, each a Trust and, collectively, the Trusts). The Trusts will be formed pursuant to a Pass Through Trust Agreement between United and Wilmington Trust Company, as Pass Through Trustee (the Trustee) dated as of the Issuance Date (the Basic Agreement) and three separate supplements thereto (each a Trust Supplement and, together with the Basic Agreement, collectively, the Pass Through Trust Agreements) relating to such Trusts between United and the Trustee, as trustee under the Class A Trust (the Class A Trustee), trustee under the Class B Trust (the Class B Trustee) and trustee under the Class C Trust (the Class C Trustee). The certificates to be issued by the Class A Trust, the Class B Trust and the Class C Trust are referred to herein as the Class A certificates, the Class B certificates and the Class C certificates, respectively. The certificates of each Trust will be issued in fully registered form without coupons and will be subject to the provisions described below under Book Entry; Delivery and Form. (Section 3.01) The Class B and Class C certificates will be subject to transfer restrictions. They may be sold only to qualified institutional buyers, as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, for as long as they are outstanding. See Transfer Restrictions for the Class B and Class C Certificates. Each certificate will represent a fractional undivided interest in the Trust created by the Basic Agreement and the applicable Trust Supplement pursuant to which such certificate is issued. (Section 2.01) The property of each Trust (the Trust Property) consists of the items listed below.
Trust Property for Each Trust
(1) Subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, Equipment Notes acquired by such Trust under the Note Purchase Agreement issued on a recourse basis by United in connection with separate secured loan transactions to refinance the aircraft.
(2) The rights of such Trust to acquire Equipment Notes under the Note Purchase Agreement.
(3) The rights of such Trust under the Intercreditor Agreement (including all monies receivable in respect of such rights).
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(4) In the case of the Class A Trust and Class B Trust, all monies receivable under the Liquidity Facility for each such Trust.
(5) Funds from time to time deposited with the Trustee in accounts relating to such Trust.
(6) The UAL Guarantee.
The certificates will be issued only in minimum denominations of $1,000 or integral multiples of $1,000 except that one certificate of each Trust may be issued in a different denomination. (Section 3.01)
The certificates will represent fractional undivided interests in the respective Trusts and all payments and distributions thereon will be made only from the Trust Property of the related Trust. (Sections 2.01 and 3.09) The certificates do not represent an interest in or obligation of United, the Trustees, any of the Loan Trustees in their individual capacities or any affiliate of any thereof.
The certificates do not represent indebtedness of the Trusts, and references in this prospectus supplement to interest accruing on the certificates are included for purposes of computation only. By your acceptance of a certificate, you agree to look solely to the income and proceeds from the Trust Property of the related Trust for payments and distributions on your certificate.
Payments and Distributions
The following description of distributions on the certificates should be read in conjunction with the description of the Intercreditor Agreement, which may have the effect of altering the following provisions.
Payments of principal, Break Amount (if any), Make-Whole Amount (if any), Prepayment Premium (if any) and interest on the Equipment Notes or with respect to other Trust Property held in each Trust will be distributed by the Trustee to the certificateholders of such Trust, respectively, on the date receipt of such payment is confirmed, except in the case of certain types of Special Payments.
Scheduled payments of interest or principal on the Equipment Notes (other than any such payment which is not in fact received by the Subordination Agent within ten (10) Business Days of the date on which such payment is scheduled to be made) are herein referred to as Scheduled Payments, and January 2 and July 2 of each year are herein referred to as Regular Distribution Dates. See DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT NOTESGeneralPrincipal and Interest Payments.
Payments of Interest
The Equipment Notes held in each Trust will accrue interest at the Stated Interest Rate for such Trust. Interest on Equipment Notes will be payable on January 2 and July 2 of each year, commencing on January 2, 2008. Such interest payments will be distributed to certificateholders of such Trust on each such date, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement. Interest on the Series A Equipment Notes and Series B Equipment Notes is calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months and interest on the Series C Equipment Notes is calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and actual number of days elapsed. Interest payable on the Series C Equipment Notes will be determined based on Six-Month LIBOR. Six-Month LIBOR for the period commencing on and including the initial issuance date of the certificates (the Issuance Date) and ending on but excluding the first Regular Distribution Date will be determined on the second LIBOR Business Day preceding the Issuance Date.
Payments of interest applicable to the certificates issued by each of the Class A Trust and Class B Trust will be supported by a separate Liquidity Facility to be provided by the Liquidity Provider for the benefit of the holders of such certificates in an aggregate amount sufficient to pay interest thereon at the Stated Interest Rate for such Trust on up to three successive Regular Distribution Dates (without regard to any future payments of principal on such certificates).
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The Liquidity Facility for a class of certificates does not provide for drawings thereunder to pay for principal of or Make-Whole Amount on the certificates of such class, any interest on the certificates of such class in excess of the applicable Stated Interest Rate, or, notwithstanding the subordination provisions of the Intercreditor Agreement, principal of or interest, Make-Whole Amount, Break Amount or any Prepayment Premium on the certificates of any other class. Therefore, only the holders of the certificates to be issued by a particular Trust will be entitled to receive and retain the proceeds of drawings under the Liquidity Facility for such Trust. See DESCRIPTION OF THE LIQUIDITY FACILITIES.
Payments of Principal
Payments of principal of the Equipment Notes held in the Trusts are scheduled to be received on January 2 and July 2 in certain years depending upon the terms of the Equipment Notes held in such Trust, commencing on or after January 2, 2008. The Final Legal Distribution Date for the Class A certificates is January 2, 2024, for the Class B certificates is January 2, 2021 and for the Class C certificates is July 2, 2014.
Distribution of Scheduled Payments
The Trustee of each Trust will distribute, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, on each Regular Distribution Date to the certificateholders of such Trust all Scheduled Payments received in respect of Equipment Notes held on behalf of such Trust, the receipt of which is confirmed by the Trustee on such Regular Distribution Date. Each certificateholder of each Trust will be entitled to receive, subject to the Intercreditor Agreement, a pro rata share (based on the fractional undivided interest of each such certificateholder of such Trust) of any distribution in respect of Scheduled Payments of principal or interest on Equipment Notes held on behalf of such Trust. Each such distribution of Scheduled Payments will be made by the applicable Trustee to the certificateholders of record of the relevant Trust on the Record Date applicable to such Scheduled Payment, subject to certain exceptions. (Section 4.02(a)) If a Scheduled Payment is not received by the applicable Trustee on a Regular Distribution Date but is received within ten Business Days thereafter, it will be distributed to the certificateholders of record of the relevant Trust on the Record Date applicable to the Regular Distribution Date on which such Scheduled Payment was originally due. If it is received after such ten Business Day period, it will be treated as a Special Payment (as defined below) and distributed as described below.
Distribution of Special Payments
Any payment in respect of, or any proceeds of, any Equipment Note or the Collateral under (and as defined in) each Indenture other than a Scheduled Payment (each, a Special Payment) will be scheduled to be distributed on, in the case of an early redemption or a purchase of the Equipment Notes relating to one or more aircraft, the date of such early redemption or purchase (which shall be a Business Day), and otherwise on the Business Day specified for distribution of such Special Payment pursuant to a notice delivered by each Trustee as soon as practicable after the Trustee has received funds for such Special Payment (each a Special Distribution Date and together with each Regular Distribution Date, a Distribution Date), subject to the Intercreditor Agreement.
Each Trustee will mail a notice to the certificateholders of the applicable Trust stating the scheduled Special Distribution Date, the related date for determining certificateholders of record who shall be entitled to such payments (the Record Date), the amount of the Special Payment and the reason for the Special Payment. In the case of a redemption or purchase of the Equipment Notes held in the related Trust such notice will be mailed